问题
How do I programatically trigger a system shutdown or reboot in Linux? Preferably without requiring elevated privileges.
On older releases (e.g. Ubuntu 10.04) I could call HAL's org.freedesktop.Hal.Device.SystemPowerManagement.Shutdown or Reboot methods using D-Bus. See: http://people.freedesktop.org/~dkukawka/hal-spec-git/hal-spec.html#interface-device-systempower.
However HAL appears to be obsolete, and is not present in Ubuntu 12.10. What is the current best-practice for doing this?
回答1:
You can use ConsoleKit. Send a org.freedesktop.ConsoleKit.Manager.Stop DBus message to org.freedesktop.ConsoleKit. From the command line, that would be something like:
dbus-send \
--system \
--dest=org.freedesktop.ConsoleKit \
--type=method_call \
--print-reply \
--reply-timeout=2000 \
/org/freedesktop/ConsoleKit/Manager \
org.freedesktop.ConsoleKit.Manager.Stop
If the current user is authorized to perform shutdown, then no root privileges are needed.
You can also take a look at the KShutdown utility. It contains source code for different shutdown methods, ranging from ConsoleKit to Gnome and KDE APIs.
回答2:
The shutdown command. However, that requires root privileges on most systems.
Shutdown now:
shutdown -h now
Restart now:
shutdown -r now
man shutdown for more info.
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/13774312/linux-programatically-shutdown-or-reboot-computer-from-a-user-level-process