How to edit an XML file in Python?

问题

I have a resx file that uses XML with a bunch of data that looks like this:

<data name="key_first" xml:space="preserve">
    <value>Text 1</value>
</data>
<data name="key_second" xml:space="preserve">
    <value>Text 2</value>
</data>
<data name="key_third" xml:space="preserve">
    <value>Text 3</value>
</data>

where the name values all share a word (eg: "key"). What I wanted to do in Python was take this 'data' name value ("key+anything that follows") and add it to the 'value' text, and then save the new file but I'm very new to the XML/Python world and I'm kind of lost. I want it to look something like this:

<data name="key_first" xml:space="preserve">
    <value>[key_first] Text 1</value>
</data>
<data name="key_second" xml:space="preserve">
    <value>[key_second] Text 2</value>
</data>
<data name="key_third" xml:space="preserve">
    <value>[key_third] Text 3</value>
</data>

How do I do this? Should I use minidom or Element Tree?

回答1:

Which XML parser to choose is up to you, but here is how you can approach this problem with xml.etree.ElementTree: the idea is to iterate over all data nodes, get the name attribute value from the .attrib dictionary, locate the value element inside and set the .text appropriately:

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET

data = """<parent>
    <data name="key_first" xml:space="preserve">
        <value>Text 1</value>
    </data>
    <data name="key_second" xml:space="preserve">
        <value>Text 2</value>
    </data>
    <data name="key_third" xml:space="preserve">
        <value>Text 3</value>
    </data>
</parent>"""

tree = ET.fromstring(data)

for data in tree.findall("data"):
    name = data.attrib["name"]
    value = data.find("value")
    value.text = "[%s] %s" % (name, value.text)

print(ET.tostring(tree))

Prints:

<parent>
    <data name="key_first" xml:space="preserve">
        <value>[key_first] Text 1</value>
    </data>
    <data name="key_second" xml:space="preserve">
        <value>[key_second] Text 2</value>
    </data>
    <data name="key_third" xml:space="preserve">
        <value>[key_third] Text 3</value>
    </data>
</parent>

回答2:

Use the ElementTree API to read the XML file and then you can use find to find the world you want to replace or use it as an index and then from there you can insert what you need to insert. See links below:

How to update/modify a XML file in python?

https://docs.python.org/2/library/xml.etree.elementtree.html

http://luisartola.com/software/2010/easy-xml-in-python/

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/38440505/how-to-edit-an-xml-file-in-python

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python