问题
The following snippet prints 4 distinct hash codes, despite reusing a string constant and literal. Why are string values not interned on annotation elements?
public class Foo {
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@interface Bar {
String CONSTANT = "foo";
String value() default CONSTANT;
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
System.out.println(System.identityHashCode(Bar.CONSTANT));
System.out.println(System.identityHashCode(Foo.class.getMethod("test1").getAnnotation(Bar.class).value()));
System.out.println(System.identityHashCode(Foo.class.getMethod("test2").getAnnotation(Bar.class).value()));
System.out.println(System.identityHashCode(Foo.class.getMethod("test3").getAnnotation(Bar.class).value()));
}
@Bar
public void test1() {}
@Bar("foo")
public void test2() {}
@Bar(Bar.CONSTANT)
public void test3() {}
}
回答1:
String literal are interned but annotations are subject to parse and they are stored in byte arrays. If you look at the class java.lang.reflect.Method
you can see this:
private byte[] annotations;
private byte[] parameterAnnotations;
private byte[] annotationDefault;
Take also a look at the method public Object getDefaultValue()
of the same class to see how the AnnotationParser is called. The flow continues till here
AnnotationParser.parseConst and enter in
case 's':
return constPool.getUTF8At(constIndex);
The method ConstantPool.getUTF8At
is a delegate to a native method. You can see the code here native implementation getUFT8At. The parsed constant is never interned and is never retrieved from the StringTable (where string are interned).
I think it could be a choice of implementation. Interning has been created to make more fast comparison between String literal and so is used only for interning literal usable in method implementation.
回答2:
It's because you access to annotation at runtime and accordance with java spec - Example 3.10.5-1. String Literals, strings are newly created and therefore distinct.
All literal strings and compile-time string-valued constant expressions are automatically interned
In your case the value from test1
will be computed at runtime from native value() method (look at AnnotationDefault attribute).
String value() default CONSTANT;
Others cases also will be computed at runtime.
When you get a value from the annotation you have to explicitly to perform intern
String poolString = Foo.class.getMethod("test1").getAnnotation(Bar.class).value().intern();
System.out.println(poolString == Bar.CONSTANT);
来源:https://stackoverflow.com/questions/37853188/why-are-annotation-string-values-not-interned