How to do alpha numeric sort perl?

问题

I have a file which looks like this:

80,1p21  
81,19q13  
82,6p12.3  
83,Xp11.22  
84,3pter-q21  
86,3q26.33  
87,14q24.1-q24.2|14q24|14q22-q24  
88,1q42-q43  
89,11q13.1  
90,2q23-q24  
91,12q13  
92,2q22.3  
93,3p22  
94,12q11-q14  
95,3p21.1  
97,14q24.3  
98,2p16.2  

And I want to sort them based on second column. And the first column should change accordingly too. When you use sort command in perl, it doesn't do it because it says its not numeric. Is there a way to sort things alpha numerically in perl?

Thanks.

回答1:

If you read the documentation for sort, you'll see that you don't need to do a numeric sort in Perl. You can do string comparisons too.

@sorted = sort { $a cmp $b } @unsorted;

But that still leaves you with a problem as, for example, 19q will sort before 6p. So you can write your own sort function which can make whatever transformations you want before doing the comparison.

@sorted = sort my_complex_sort @unsorted;

sub my_complex_sort {
  # code that compares $a and $b and returns -1, 0 or 1 as appropriate
  # It's probably best in most cases to do the actual comparison using cmp or <=>

  # Extract the digits following the first comma
  my ($number_a) = $a =~ /,(\d+)/;
  my ($number_b) = $b =~ /,(\d+)/;

  # Extract the letter following those digits
  my ($letter_a) = $a =~ /,\d+(a-z)/;
  my ($letter_b) = $b =~ /,\d+(a-z)/;

  # Compare and return
  return $number_a <=> $number_b or $letter_a cmp $letter_b;
}

回答2:

#!/usr/bin/env perl

use strict;
use warnings;

my @datas   = map { /^(\d+),(\d*)(.*)$/; [$1, $2, $3]; } <DATA>;
my @res     = sort {$a->[1] <=> $b->[1] or $a->[2] cmp $b->[2]} @datas;
foreach my $data (@res) {
    my ($x, $y, $z) = @{$data};
    print "$x,$y$z\n";
}

__DATA__
80,1p21
81,19q13
82,6p12.3
83,Xp11.22
84,3pter-q21
86,3q26.33
87,14q24.1-q24.2|14q24|14q22-q24
88,1q42-q43
89,11q13.1
90,2q23-q24
91,12q13
92,2q22.3
93,3p22
94,12q11-q14
95,3p21.1
97,14q24.3
98,2p16.2 

回答3:

I actually found the answer to this. The code looks a bit complicated though.

#!/usr/bin/env perl

use strict;  
use warnings;

sub main {   
my $file;  
if (@ARGV != 1) {   
    die "Usage: perl hashofhash_sort.pl <filename>\n";
}   
else {  
    $file = $ARGV[0];   
}  

open(IN, $file) or die "Error!! Cannot open the $file file: $!\n";
my @file = <IN>;
chomp @file;
my ($entrez_gene, $loci, $chr, $band, $pq, $band_num);
my (%chromosome, %loci_entrez);

foreach my $line (@file) {
    if ($line =~ /(\d+),(.+)/) {
        # Entrez genes
        $entrez_gene = $1;

        # Locus like 12p23.4
        $loci = $2;

        if ($loci =~ /^(\d+)(.+)?/) {
            # chromosome number alone (only numericals)
            $chr = $1;
            if ($2) {
                # locus minus chromosome number. If 12p23.4, then $band is p23.4
                $band = "$2";
                if ($band =~ /^([pq])(.+)/) {
                    # either p or q
                    $pq = $1;
                    # stores the numericals. for p23.4, stores 23.4
                    $band_num = $2;
                }

                if (exists $chromosome{$chr}) {
                    if (exists $chromosome{$chr}{$pq}) {
                        push (@{$chromosome{$chr}{$pq}}, $band_num);
                    }
                    else {
                        $chromosome{$chr}{$pq} = [$band_num];
                    }
                }

                else {
                    $chromosome{$chr}{$pq} = [$band_num];
                }
            }
        }
    }
} # End of foreach loop

foreach my $key (sort {$a <=> $b} keys %chromosome) {
    my %seen = ();
    foreach my $key2 (sort {$a cmp $b } keys %{$chromosome{$key}}) {
        my @unique = grep { ! $seen{$_}++ } @{$chromosome{$key}{$key2}};
        my @sorted = sort @unique;
        foreach my $element (@sorted) {
            my $sorted_locus = "$key$key2$element";
            if (exists $loci_entrez{$sorted_locus}) {
                foreach my $element2 (@{$loci_entrez{$sorted_locus}}) {
                        print "$element2,$sorted_locus\n";

                }
            }
        }
    }

}


} # End of main

main();

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/11102518/how-to-do-alpha-numeric-sort-perl