R read excel by column names

问题

So I have a bunch of excel files I want to loop through and read specific, discontinuous columns into a data frame. Using the readxl works for the basic stuff like this:

library(readxl)
library(plyr)
wb <- list.files(pattern = "*.xls")
dflist <- list()

for (i in wb){
  dflist[[i]] <- data.frame(read_excel(i, sheet = "SheetName", skip=3, col_names = TRUE))
}

# now put them into a data frame
data <- ldply(dflist, data.frame, .id = NULL)

This works (barely) but the problem is my excel files have about 114 columns and I only want specific ones. Also I do not want to allow R to guess the col_types because it messes some of them up (eg for a string column, if the first value starts with a number, it tries to interpret the whole column as numeric, and crashes). So my question is: How do I specify specific, discontinuous columns to read? The range argument uses the cell_ranger package which does not allow for reading discontinuous columns. So any alternative?

回答1:

.xlsx >>> you can use library openxlsx

The read.xlsx function from library openxlsx has an optional parameter cols that takes a numeric index, specifying which columns to read.

It seems it reads all columns as characters if at least one column contains characters.

openxlsx::read.xlsx("test.xlsx", cols = c(2,3,6))

.xls >>> you can use library XLConnect

The potential problem is that library XLConnect requires library rJava, which might be tricky to install on some systems. If you can get it running, the keep and drop parameters of readWorksheet() accept both column names and indices. Parameter colTypes deals with column types. This way it works for me:

options(java.home = "C:\\Program Files\\Java\\jdk1.8.0_74\\") #path to jdk
library(rJava)
library(XLConnect)
workbook <- loadWorkbook("test.xls")
readWorksheet(workbook, sheet = "Sheet0", keep = c(1,2,5))

Edit:

Library readxl works well for both .xls and .xlsx if you want to read a range (rectangle) from you excel file. E.g.

readxl::read_xls("test.xls", range = "B3:D8")
readxl::read_xls("test.xls", sheet = "Sheet1", range = cell_cols("B:E"))
readxl::read_xlsx("test.xlsx", sheet = 2, range = cell_cols(2:5))

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/45695713/r-read-excel-by-column-names