Inconsistent JPA behavior using no transaction, propagation SUPPORTS and OpenEntityManager pattern
问题 We are using JPA (Hibernate 4) with Spring 4 managing the JTA transactions. To allow lazy initialization even when simply reading from the database without any transaction we added the "OpenEntityManager" pattern. You can find a test case for these questions on GitHub https://github.com/abenneke/sandbox/tree/master/spring-hibernate4-transaction We know that there is a difference between having no transaction synchronization at all and SUPPORTS synchronization. But the JPA behaviour seems to