How to use ESC () character in XML?
I'm trying this: <root> text:  </root> But parser says: org.xml.sax.SAXParseException; lineNumber: 2; columnNumber: 12; Character reference "" is an invalid XML character. at org.apache.xerces.parsers.DOMParser.parse(Unknown Source) at org.apache.xerces.jaxp.DocumentBuilderImpl.parse(Unknown Source) at javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder.parse(DocumentBuilder.java:121) How to use it there? You cannot ( in XML 1.0) . In XML 1.1 there is a slightly larger range of characters you can use, and the characters are expressed differently , but even then,  is 'restricted' (hex it is