I think there is no absolute rule: some things are best optimized upfront, and some are not.
For example, I worked in a company where we received data packets from satellites. Each packet cost a lot of money, so all the data was highly optimized (ie. packed). For example, latitude/longitude was not sent as absolute values (floats), but as offsets relative to the "north-west" corner of a "current" zone. We had to unpack all the data before it could be used. But I think this is not pessimization, it is intelligent optimization to reduce communication costs.
On the other hand, our software architects decided that the unpacked data should be formatted into a very readable XML document, and stored in our database as such (as opposed to having each field stored in a corresponding column). Their idea was that "XML is the future", "disk space is cheap", and "processor is cheap", so there was no need to optimize anything. The result was that our 16-bytes packets were turned into 2kB documents stored in one column, and for even simple queries we had to load megabytes of XML documents in memory! We received over 50 packets per second, so you can imagine how horrible the performance became (BTW, the company went bankrupt).
So again, there is no absolute rule. Yes, sometimes optimization too early is a mistake. But sometimes the "cpu/disk space/memory is cheap" motto is the real root of all evil.