The added layer must be an instance of class Layer. Found:

Question

I am new to machine learning. I was following this tutorial on fine-tuning VGG16 models.

The model loaded fine with this code:

vgg_model = tensorflow.k         


        

Answer 1

You do not need to create an InputLayer, you simply must import the BatchNormalization layer in the same manner as your Conv2D/other layers, e.g:

from tensorflow.keras.layers import Conv2D, Flatten, MaxPooling2D, Dropout, BatchNormalization

Instead of importing it as an independent Keras layer, i.e:

from tensorflow.keras.layers import Conv2D, Flatten, MaxPooling2D, Dropout
from keras.layers import BatchNormalization