SQLSTATE[HY000]: General error: 1005 Can't create table - Laravel 4

问题:

I get this error when I do php artisan migrate. Is there something wrong in my migration files? Or is it possible my models are wrong coded? But the migrations should work even there is something wrong in the models?

[Exception]                                                                     SQLSTATE[HY000]: General error: 1005 Can't create table 'festival_aid.#sql-     16643_2033' (errno: 150) (SQL: alter table `gigs` add constraint gigs_band_     id_foreign foreign key (`band_id`) references `bands` (`band_id`) on delete      cascade) (Bindings: array (                                                    ))  [PDOException]                                                                  SQLSTATE[HY000]: General error: 1005 Can't create table 'festival_aid.#sql-     16643_2033' (errno: 150) 

gigs migration

public function up()     {         Schema::create('gigs', function($table)         {             $table->increments('gig_id');              $table->dateTime('gig_startdate');              $table->integer('band_id')->unsigned();             $table->integer('stage_id')->unsigned();              $table->foreign('band_id')                 ->references('band_id')->on('bands')                 ->onDelete('cascade');              $table->foreign('stage_id')                 ->references('stage_id')->on('stages')                 ->onDelete('cascade');         });      public function down()     {         Schema::table('gigs', function($table)         {             Schema::drop('gigs');             $table->dropForeign('gigs_band_id_foreign');             $table->dropForeign('gigs_stage_id_foreign');         });     } 

bands migration

public function up()     {         Schema::create('bands', function($table)         {             $table->increments('band_id');              $table->string('band_name');             $table->text('band_members');             $table->string('band_genre');             $table->dateTime('band_startdate');         });     }      public function down()     {         Schema::table('bands', function(Blueprint $table)         {             Schema::drop('bands');         });     } 

Model Band

<?php  class Band extends Eloquent {      protected $primaryKey = 'band_id';      public function gig()     {         return $this->hasOne('Gig', 'band_id', 'band_id');     } } 

Model Gig

<?php  class Gig extends Eloquent {     protected $primaryKey = 'gig_id';      public function gig()     {         return $this->belongsTo('Band', 'band_id', 'band_id');     }      public function stage()     {         return $this->belongsTo('Stage', 'stage_id', 'stage_id');     } } 

回答1:

You must first create the table, then create the foreign keys:

Schema::create('gigs', function($table) {     $table->increments('gig_id');      $table->dateTime('gig_startdate');      $table->integer('band_id')->unsigned();     $table->integer('stage_id')->unsigned(); });  Schema::table('gigs', function($table) {     $table->foreign('band_id')         ->references('band_id')->on('bands')         ->onDelete('cascade');      $table->foreign('stage_id')         ->references('stage_id')->on('stages')         ->onDelete('cascade'); }); 

And your bands table should migrate first, since the gigs is referencing it.

回答2:

While this doesn't apply to OP, others might have this issue:

From the bottom of the Laravel Schema docs:

Note: When creating a foreign key that references an incrementing integer, remember to always make the foreign key column unsigned.

You can do this via $table->integer('user_id')->unsigned(); when creating your table in the migration file.

Took me a few minutes to realize what was happening.

回答3:

For those whom other answers doesn't help, the same error throws also when you try to use 'SET_NULL' action on non-nullable column.

回答4:

As said by Andrew by making the reference on the table as this:

$table->integer('user_id')->unsigned(); 

It should work.

回答5:

This seems to be a general foreign key issue error. For me I got it when I switched the arguments in the references and on methods. I had:

$table->foreign('user_id')->references('users')->on('id'); 

instead of:

$table->foreign('user_id')->references('id')->on('users'); 

回答6:

I just fixed this problem by making pointing to Laravel that the field is unique using unique().

Example:

Schema::create('branches', function (Blueprint $table) {             $table->increments('id');             /* This fields serves as foriegn key on functions              table and it must follow the database **key rules**             by being unique */             $table->string('branch_code')->unique();             $table->string('branch_name');             $table->string('branch_address');             $table->timestamps();         }); 

Functions table:

    Schema::create('functions', function (Blueprint $table) {         $table->increments('id');         $table->string('branch_code');         $table->string('function');         $table->timestamps();         //Reference to branch_code on branches table         $table->foreign('branch_code')->references('branch_code')->on('branches');      }); 

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