django 1.4 - can't compare offset-naive and offset-aware datetimes

问题:

I am in the process of migrating an application from django 1.2 To 1.4.

I have a daily task object which contains a time of day that task should be completed:

class DailyTask(models.Model):     time = models.TimeField()     last_completed = models.DateTimeField()     name = models.CharField(max_length=100)     description = models.CharField(max_length=1000)     weekends = models.BooleanField()      def __unicode__(self):         return '%s' % (self.name)      class Meta:         db_table = u'dailytask'         ordering = ['name'] 

In order to check if a task is still required to be completed today, I have the following code:

def getDueDailyTasks():     dueDailyTasks=[]     now = datetime.datetime.now()     try:         dailyTasks = DailyTask.objects.all()     except dailyTask.DoesNotExist:         return None     for dailyTask in dailyTasks:         timeDue = datetime.datetime(now.year,now.month,now.day,dailyTask.time.hour,dailyTask.time.minute,dailyTask.time.second)         if timeDuedailyTask.last_completed:             if dailyTask.weekends==False and now.weekday()>4:                 pass             else:                 dueDailyTasks.append({'id':dailyTask.id,                             'due':timeDue,                              'name': dailyTask.name,                              'description':dailyTask.description})     return dueDailyTasks 

This worked fine under 1.2, But under 1.4 I get the error:

can't compare offset-naive and offset-aware datetimes 

due to the line

if timeDuedailyTask.last_completed 

and both comparison clauses throw this error.

I have tried making timeDue timezone aware by adding pytz.UTC as an argument, but this still raises the same error.

I've read some of the docs on timezones but am confused as to whether I just need to make timeDue timezone aware, or whether I need to make a fundamental change to my db and existing data.

回答1:

Check the thorough document for detail info.

Normally, use django.utils.timezone.now to make an offset-aware current datetime

>>> from django.utils import timezone >>> timezone.now() datetime.datetime(2012, 5, 18, 13, 0, 49, 803031, tzinfo=) 

And django.utils.timezone.make_aware to make an offset-aware datetime

>>> timezone.make_aware(datetime.datetime.now(), timezone.get_default_timezone()) datetime.datetime(2012, 5, 18, 21, 5, 53, 266396, tzinfo=) 

You could then compare both offset-aware datetimes w/o trouble.

Furthermore, you could convert offset-awared datetime to offset-naive datetime by stripping off timezone info, then it could be compared w/ normal datetime.datetime.now(), under utc.

>>> t = timezone.now() # offset-awared datetime >>> t.astimezone(timezone.utc).replace(tzinfo=None) datetime.datetime(2012, 5, 18, 13, 11, 30, 705324) 

USE_TZ is True 'by default' (actually it's False by default, but the settings.py file generated by django-admin.py startproject set it to True), then if your DB supports timezone-aware times, values of time-related model fields would be timezone-aware. you could disable it by setting USE_TZ=False(or simply remove USE_TZ=True) in settings.

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