Scrapy on a schedule | 易学教程

问题

Getting Scrapy to run on a schedule is driving me around the Twist(ed).

I thought the below test code would work, but I get a twisted.internet.error.ReactorNotRestartable error when the spider is triggered a second time:

from quotesbot.spiders.quotes import QuotesSpider
import schedule
import time
from scrapy.crawler import CrawlerProcess

def run_spider_script():
    process.crawl(QuotesSpider)
    process.start()


process = CrawlerProcess({
    'USER_AGENT': 'Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 5.1)',
})


schedule.every(5).seconds.do(run_spider_script)

while True:
    schedule.run_pending()
    time.sleep(1)

I'm going to guess that as part of the CrawlerProcess, the Twisted Reactor is called to start again, when that's not required and so the program crashes. Is there any way I can control this?

Also at this stage if there's an alternative way to automate a Scrapy spider to run on a schedule, I'm all ears. I tried scrapy.cmdline.execute , but couldn't get that to loop either:

from quotesbot.spiders.quotes import QuotesSpider
from scrapy import cmdline
import schedule
import time
from scrapy.crawler import CrawlerProcess


def run_spider_cmd():
    print("Running spider")
    cmdline.execute("scrapy crawl quotes".split())


process = CrawlerProcess({
    'USER_AGENT': 'Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 5.1)',
})


schedule.every(5).seconds.do(run_spider_cmd)

while True:
    schedule.run_pending()
    time.sleep(1)

EDIT

Adding code, which uses Twisted task.LoopingCall() to run a test spider every few seconds. Am I going about this completely the wrong way to schedule a spider that runs at the same time each day?

from twisted.internet import reactor
from twisted.internet import task
from scrapy.crawler import CrawlerRunner
import scrapy

class QuotesSpider(scrapy.Spider):
    name = 'quotes'
    allowed_domains = ['quotes.toscrape.com']
    start_urls = ['http://quotes.toscrape.com/']

    def parse(self, response):

        quotes = response.xpath('//div[@class="quote"]')

        for quote in quotes:

            author = quote.xpath('.//small[@class="author"]/text()').extract_first()
            text = quote.xpath('.//span[@class="text"]/text()').extract_first()

            print(author, text)


def run_crawl():

    runner = CrawlerRunner()
    runner.crawl(QuotesSpider)


l = task.LoopingCall(run_crawl)
l.start(3)

reactor.run()

回答1:

First noteworthy statement, there's usually only one Twisted reactor running and it's not restartable (as you've discovered). The second is that blocking tasks/functions should be avoided (ie. time.sleep(n)) and should be replaced with async alternatives (ex. 'reactor.task.deferLater(n,...)`).

To use Scrapy effectively from a Twisted project requires the scrapy.crawler.CrawlerRunner core API as opposed to scrapy.crawler.CrawlerProcess. The main difference between the two is that CrawlerProcess runs Twisted's reactor for you (thus making it difficult to restart the reactor), where as CrawlerRunner relies on the developer to start the reactor. Here's what your code could look like with CrawlerRunner:

from twisted.internet import reactor
from quotesbot.spiders.quotes import QuotesSpider
from scrapy.crawler import CrawlerRunner

def run_crawl():
    """
    Run a spider within Twisted. Once it completes,
    wait 5 seconds and run another spider.
    """
    runner = CrawlerRunner({
        'USER_AGENT': 'Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 5.1)',
        })
    deferred = runner.crawl(QuotesSpider)
    # you can use reactor.callLater or task.deferLater to schedule a function
    deferred.addCallback(reactor.callLater, 5, run_crawl)
    return deferred

run_crawl()
reactor.run()   # you have to run the reactor yourself

回答2:

You can use apscheduler

pip install apscheduler

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from scrapy.crawler import CrawlerProcess
from scrapy.utils.project import get_project_settings
from apscheduler.schedulers.twisted import TwistedScheduler

from Demo.spiders.baidu import YourSpider

process = CrawlerProcess(get_project_settings())
scheduler = TwistedScheduler()
scheduler.add_job(process.crawl, 'interval', args=[YourSpider], seconds=10)
scheduler.start()
process.start(False)

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/44228851/scrapy-on-a-schedule

标签

python

web-scraping

scrapy

twisted