基本部分
在写入Excel表格之前，你必须初始化workbook对象，然后添加一个workbook对象。比如：
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import
xlwt
wbk
=
xlwt.Workbook()
sheet
=
wbk.add_sheet(
'sheet 1'
)
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这样表单就被创建了,写入数据也很简单：
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# indexing is zero based, row then column
sheet.write(
0
,
1
,
'test text'
)
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之后，就可以保存文件(这里不需要想打开文件一样需要close文件)：
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wbk.save(
'test.xls'
)
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深入探索
worksheet对象，当你更改表单内容的时候，会有警告提示。
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sheet.write(
0
,
0
,
'test'
)
sheet.write(
0
,
0
,
'oops'
)
# returns error:
# Exception: Attempt to overwrite cell:
# sheetname=u'sheet 1' rowx=0 colx=0
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解决方式：使用cell_overwrite_ok=True来创建worksheet:
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sheet2
=
wbk.add_sheet(
'sheet 2'
, cell_overwrite_ok
=
True
)
sheet2.write(
0
,
0
,
'some text'
)
sheet2.write(
0
,
0
,
'this should overwrite'
)
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这样你就可以更改表单2的内容了。
更多
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# Initialize a style
style
=
xlwt.XFStyle()
# Create a font to use with the style
font
=
xlwt.Font()
font.name
=
'Times New Roman'
font.bold
=
True
# Set the style's font to this new one you set up
style.font
=
font
# Use the style when writing
sheet.write(
0
,
0
,
'some bold Times text'
, style)
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xlwt 允许你每个格子或者整行地设置格式。还可以允许你添加链接以及公式。其实你可以阅读源代码，那里有很多例子：
dates.py, 展示如何设置不同的数据格式hyperlinks.py, 展示如何创建超链接 (hint: you need to use a formula)merged.py, 展示如何合并格子row_styles.py, 展示如何应用Style到整行格子中.
例子
这里演示的数据并不是很容直接导入Excel:
20 Sep, 263, 1148, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 12.1, 13.9, 1+1, 19.9
20 Sep, 263, 1118, 0, 1, 0, 360, 0, 14.1, 15.3, 1+1, 19.9
20 Sep, 263, 1048, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 14.2, 15.1, 1+1, 19.9
20 Sep, 263, 1018, 0, 1, 0, 360, 0, 14.2, 15.9, 1+1, 19.9
20 Sep, 263, 0948, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 14.4, 15.3, 1+1, 19.9
第一个逗号之前数据表示日期，第二列表示今年的第几天(可忽略)，我们感兴趣的是第九列的温度数据。我们的目的是把感兴趣的数字写入Excel: 第一列为时间，第二列为温度。首先你要把上面的数据保存在一个weather.data.example文件中。
然后运行下面的代码：
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'''
Script to convert awkwardly-formatted weather data
into an Excel spreadsheet using Python and xlwt.
'''
from
datetime
import
datetime
import
xlwt
# Create workbook and worksheet
wbk
=
xlwt.Workbook()
sheet
=
wbk.add_sheet(
'temperatures'
)
# Set up a date format style to use in the
# spreadsheet
excel_date_fmt
=
'M/D/YY h:mm'
style
=
xlwt.XFStyle()
style.num_format_str
=
excel_date_fmt
# Weather data has no year, so assume it's the current year.
year
=
datetime.now().year
# Convert year to a string because we'll be
# building a date string below
year
=
str
(year)
# The format of the date string we'll be building
python_str_date_fmt
=
'%d %b-%H%M-%Y'
row
=
0
# row counter
f
=
open
(
'c:/baidu/weather.data.example'
)
for
line
in
f:
# separate fields by commas
L
=
line.rstrip().split(
','
)
# skip this line if all fields not present
if
len
(L) <
12
:
continue
# Fields have leading spaces, so strip 'em
date
=
L[
0
].strip()
time
=
L[
2
].strip()
# Datatypes matter. If we kept this as a string
# in Python, it would be a string in the Excel sheet.
temperature
=
float
(L[
8
])
# Construct a date string based on the string
# date format we specified above
date_string
=
date
+
'-'
+
time
+
'-'
+
year
# Use the newly constructed string to create a
# datetime object
date_object
=
datetime.strptime(date_string,
python_str_date_fmt)
# Write the data, using the style defined above.
sheet.write(row,
0
,date_object, style)
sheet.write(row,
1
,temperature)
row
+
=
1
wbk.save(
'c:/baidu/reformatted.data.xls'
)
|
首先，打开workbook；
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import
xlrd
wb
=
xlrd.open_workbook(
'myworkbook.xls'
)
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检查表单名字：
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wb.sheet_names()
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得到第一张表单，两种方式：索引和名字
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sh
=
wb.sheet_by_index(
0
)
sh
=
wb.sheet_by_name(u
'Sheet1'
)
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递归打印出每行的信息：
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for
rownum
in
range
(sh.nrows):
print
sh.row_values(rownum)
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如果只想返回第一列数据：
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first_column
=
sh.col_values(
0
)
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通过索引读取数据：
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cell_A1
=
sh.cell(
0
,
0
).value
cell_C4
=
sh.cell(rowx
=
3
,colx
=
2
).value
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注意：这里的索引都是从0开始的。
这里给个完整的例子：
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import
xlrd
wb
=
xlrd.open_workbook(
'c:/baidu/hello.xls'
)
sh
=
wb.sheet_by_index(
0
)
for
rownum
in
range
(sh.nrows):
print
sh.row_values(rownum)
print
sh.cell(
3
,
4
).value
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执行结果：
C:\Development\python26>python c:/baidu/xlrsExcel.py
[1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, 6.0]
[2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, 6.0, 7.0]
[3.0, 4.0, 5.0, 6.0, 7.0, 8.0]
[4.0, 5.0, 6.0, 7.0, 8.0, 9.0]
[5.0, 6.0, 7.0, 8.0, 9.0, 10.0]
[6.0, 7.0, 8.0, 9.0, 10.0, 11.0]
[7.0, 8.0, 9.0, 10.0, 11.0, 12.0]
[8.0, 9.0, 10.0, 11.0, 12.0, 13.0]
[9.0, 10.0, 11.0, 12.0, 13.0, 14.0]
[10.0, 11.0, 12.0, 13.0, 14.0, 15.0]
8.0