I'm trying to execute a series of commands using Pythons subprocess module, however I need to set shell variables with export before running them. Of course the shell doesn't seem to be persistent so when I run a command later those shell variables are lost.
Is there any way to go about this? I could create a /bin/sh process, but how would I get the exit codes of the commands run under that?
subprocess.Popen takes an optional named argument env that's a dictionary to use as the subprocess's environment (what you're describing as "shell variables"). Prepare a dict as you need it (you may start with a copy of os.environ and alter that as you need) and pass it to all the subprocess.Popen calls you perform.
Alex is absolutely correct. To give an example
current_env=environ.copy()
current_env["XXX"] = "SOMETHING" #If you want to change some env variable
subProcess.Popen("command_n_args", env=current_env)
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1126116/python-persistent-shell-variables-in-subprocess