问题
I'm studying the ELF file format, so I compiled a small program, dumped the section headers and their contents from the resulting executable.
The ELF header contains the entry point address, which points into start of the .text section.
I also found the .data section that contains the static data and .rodata that contains the read only data... I expect there is a section for the stack too, but I can't find that section.
I also expect that at some point ESP is set to the top of some section but I can't find anything like that in the disassembly.
So how does ESP gets its initial value?
回答1:
The following figure describes the memory map of a typical C ELF executable on x86.
The process loads the
.textand.datasections at the base address.The main-stack is located just below and grows downwards.
Each thread and function-call will have its own-stack.
This is located located below the main-stack.Each stack is separated by a guard page to detect Stack-Overflow.
Hence one does NOT need a dedicated stack section in the ELF file.
However within the man pages for ELF, one does find a couple of things in an ELF file that control the stack attributes. Mainly the executable permissions to the stack in memory.
PT_GNU_STACK
GNU extension which is used by the Linux kernel to control the state of the stack via the flags set in thep_flagsmember..note.GNU-stack
This section is used in Linux object files for declaring stack attributes. This section is of type SHT_PROGBITS. The only attribute used is SHF_EXECINSTR. This indicates to the GNU linker that the object file requires an executable stack.
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/18278803/how-does-elf-file-format-defines-the-stack