python 2.7 / exec / what is wrong?

问题

I have this code which runs fine in Python 2.5 but not in 2.7:

import sys
import traceback
try:
    from io import StringIO
except:
    from StringIO import StringIO

def CaptureExec(stmt):
    oldio = (sys.stdin, sys.stdout, sys.stderr)
    sio = StringIO()
    sys.stdout = sys.stderr = sio
    try:
        exec(stmt, globals(), globals())
        out = sio.getvalue()
    except Exception, e:
        out = str(e) + "\n" + traceback.format_exc()
    sys.stdin, sys.stdout, sys.stderr = oldio
    return out

print "%s" % CaptureExec("""
import random
print "hello world"
""")

And I get:

string argument expected, got 'str'
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "D:\3.py", line 13, in CaptureExec
    exec(stmt, globals(), globals())
  File "", line 3, in 
TypeError: string argument expected, got 'str'

回答1:

io.StringIO is confusing in Python 2.7 because it's backported from the 3.x bytes/string world. This code gets the same error as yours:

from io import StringIO
sio = StringIO()
sio.write("Hello\n")

causes:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "so2.py", line 3, in <module>
    sio.write("Hello\n")
TypeError: string argument expected, got 'str'

If you are only using Python 2.x, then skip the io module altogether, and stick with StringIO. If you really want to use io, change your import to:

from io import BytesIO as StringIO

回答2:

It's bad news

io.StringIO wants to work with unicode. You might think you can fix it by putting a u in front of the string you want to print like this

print "%s" % CaptureExec("""
import random
print u"hello world"
""")

however print is really broken for this as it causes 2 writes to the StringIO. The first one is u"hello world" which is fine, but then it follows with "\n"

so instead you need to write something like this

print "%s" % CaptureExec("""
import random
sys.stdout.write(u"hello world\n")
""")

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3423601/python-2-7-exec-what-is-wrong

标签

python

redirect

exec

stdio

stringio