Background
I am writing code in VS 2010, .NET 4, C#. Also, in case it matters, I am using the latest version of ReSharper.
Question
Let's say I have this model:
public class SomeObject
{
public string Red{ get; set; }
public string Green{ get; set; }
public string Blue{ get; set; }
public string Yellow{ get; set; }
public string Purple{ get; set; }
public string Orange{ get; set; }
public string Black{ get; set; }
}
Elsewhere in the code, I need to instantiate one of these objects, like so:
SomeObject myObject = new SomeObject{
red = "some value",
blue = "some other value",
. . .,
black="last value"
};
*NOTE:*I will sometimes want to initialize this object with only a subset of its total possible properties (i.e. just red and blue).
At the moment, I am having to type in each property (red, blue, green, etc) for each new instance of SomeObject. Is there a hotkey or something in VS2010 to have those properties pre-populated so I just have to assign values to each rather than typing each one?
At the moment, I am having to type in each property (red, blue, green, etc) for each new instance of SomeObject.
Personally, if you need to set these for every object instance, I would handle this by adding a constructor that takes all of the parameters, and just not use the object initialization syntax. This will give you full intellisense, but also help/force you to construct the object correctly every time.
Remember, a type's constructor should force you to supply all parameters required to correctly initialize the object to a proper state. The one downside to object initializers is that they don't force this at compile time. As such, if all of these properties are required for each object instance, the constructor should supply them instead of using object initializers.
You can use Smart Code Completion.
Write: new SomeObject{
Then press Ctrl+Alt+Space: -> All possible properties are listed in a tooltip window
Then select a property (i.e. 'Red') and press ENTER -> new SomeObject{Red = }
Then type in "," and press again Ctrl+Alt+Space, select next property and so on.
Are all the properties always the same? Why not add a constructor where they are already set? Or more than one.
Take a look at Code Snippets. I think this will give you what you want.
There is no keyboard shortcut to generically prepare an object initializer.
The VS IDE or Reshaper can not make a sensible guess about the values you would like to set the properties to, so would have to insert invalid or, at best, sub optimal code.
You could implement a specific solution, as the other answers suggest, and constructrs are proabably the way to go if you find yourself doing this repititiously but, I don't believe that was your question.
Do you really want the colors to be read/write? If not, this is the simplest solution:
public class SomeObject
{
public const string Red = "red";
public const string Green = "green";
public const string Blue = "blue";
...
}
However, if you want to be more flexible, and be able initialize only some of the properties, you can use the object initialization syntax. Using your original SomeObject implementation you can create a new object with:
var obj = new SomeObject { Red = "red", Blue = "blue" };
I have created a VS macro that does this. My main usage is to generate dummy test data for my DTOs.
You write a line like:
var x = new SomeType();
The macro will then generate a line for each writable property/member like
x.IntProperty = 0;
x.StringProperty = "StringProperty";
x.DateProperty = new DateTime(2012, 1, 31);
x.SomeIntList = new List<int>();
x.SomeTypeProperty = new SomeType();
(and you can of course rerun the macro on the last line to generate x.SomeTypeProperty.Y = 0 etc)
Option Explicit On
Option Strict On
Imports System
Imports EnvDTE
Imports EnvDTE80
Imports System.Collections.Generic
Imports System.Linq
Imports System.Text.RegularExpressions
Imports System.Windows.Forms
Friend Module InitializeAllMembers
Public DTE As EnvDTE80.DTE2
Private ReadOnly _usings As New HashSet(Of String)
Sub InitializeAllMembers(ByVal getValue As Boolean)
Try
Dim memberAssignment As Func(Of String, String, String, EnvDTE.CodeTypeRef, String) = Nothing
Dim selection As EnvDTE.TextSelection = CType(DTE.ActiveDocument.Selection(), EnvDTE.TextSelection)
Dim editPoint As EditPoint = selection.BottomPoint.CreateEditPoint
editPoint.StartOfLine()
Dim className As String = ""
Dim indent As String = ""
Dim variable As String = ""
Dim parseError As String
If DTE.ActiveDocument.ProjectItem Is Nothing Then
MessageBox.Show("File does not belong to a project")
End If
If DTE.ActiveDocument.Language = "Basic" Then
parseError = GetVbInitialization(editPoint.GetText(editPoint.LineLength), className, indent, variable)
If getValue Then
memberAssignment = AddressOf VbMemberGetValue
Else
memberAssignment = AddressOf VbMemberAssignment
End If
ElseIf DTE.ActiveDocument.Language = "CSharp" Then
parseError = GetCSharpInitialization(editPoint.GetText(editPoint.LineLength), className, indent, variable)
If getValue Then
memberAssignment = AddressOf CSharpMemberGetValue
Else
memberAssignment = AddressOf CSharpMemberAssignment
End If
Else
parseError = "Not supported language " & DTE.ActiveDocument.Language
End If
If parseError IsNot Nothing Then
MessageBox.Show(parseError)
Exit Sub
End If
Dim currentFunction As CodeElement = FindCodeElement(selection.ActivePoint, DTE.ActiveDocument.ProjectItem.FileCodeModel.CodeElements)
If currentFunction Is Nothing Then
MessageBox.Show("Can't find current function")
Exit Sub
End If
_usings.Clear()
FindAllUsings(currentFunction)
Dim classType As CodeElement = DTE.Solution.Projects.Cast(Of Project) _
.Select(Function(x) FindClassInProjectItems(x.ProjectItems, className)) _
.FirstOrDefault(Function(x) x IsNot Nothing)
If classType Is Nothing Then
MessageBox.Show("Can't find type in solution: " & className)
Exit Sub
End If
DTE.UndoContext.Open("InitializeAllMembers")
PrintMemberAssignments(memberAssignment, editPoint, indent, variable, GetMembers(classType))
If TypeOf classType Is CodeClass Then
For Each base As CodeElement In CType(classType, CodeClass).Bases
If TypeOf base Is CodeClass Then
PrintMemberAssignments(memberAssignment, editPoint, indent, variable, GetMembers(base))
End If
Next
End If
DTE.UndoContext.Close()
Catch objException As System.Exception
MessageBox.Show(objException.Message)
End Try
End Sub
Private Function GetVbInitialization(ByVal line As String, _
ByRef className As String, _
ByRef indent As String, _
ByRef variable As String) As String
Dim vbinitialization As New Regex("(?<Indent>\s*)Dim\s+(?<VariableName>[\S=]+)\s+(?:As\s+(?:New\s+)?(?<DeclaredType>[^\s\(]+))?(?:\s*=\s*New\s+(?<CreatedType>[^\s\(]+))?", _
RegexOptions.IgnoreCase)
Dim match As Match = vbinitialization.Match(line)
If Not match.Success Then
Return "No assignment on row"
End If
Dim foundDeclaredType As Boolean = match.Groups("DeclaredType").Success
Dim foundCreatedType As Boolean = match.Groups("CreatedType").Success
If Not (foundDeclaredType OrElse foundCreatedType) Then
Return "Can't find type on row"
End If
className = If(foundDeclaredType, match.Groups("DeclaredType"), match.Groups("CreatedType")).Value
indent = match.Groups("Indent").Value
variable = match.Groups("VariableName").Value
Return Nothing
End Function
Private Function GetCSharpInitialization(ByVal line As String, _
ByRef className As String, _
ByRef indent As String, _
ByRef variable As String) As String
Dim csharpinitialization As New Regex("(?<Indent>\s*)(?:(?<DeclaredType>\S+)\s+)?(?<VariableName>[\S=]+)\s*=\s*(?<new>new)?\s*(?<CreatedType>[^\s\(]+)")
Dim match As Match = csharpinitialization.Match(line)
If Not match.Success Then
Return "No assignment on row"
End If
Dim foundDeclaredType As Boolean = match.Groups("DeclaredType").Success AndAlso match.Groups("DeclaredType").Value <> "var"
Dim foundCreatedType As Boolean = match.Groups("new").Success
If Not (foundDeclaredType OrElse foundCreatedType) Then
Return "Can't find type on row"
End If
className = If(foundDeclaredType, match.Groups("DeclaredType"), match.Groups("CreatedType")).Value
indent = match.Groups("Indent").Value
variable = match.Groups("VariableName").Value
Return Nothing
End Function
Sub FindAllUsings(ByVal elem As Object)
If TypeOf elem Is CodeFunction Then
FindAllUsings(CType(elem, CodeFunction).Parent)
ElseIf TypeOf elem Is CodeClass Then
_usings.Add(CType(elem, CodeClass).FullName)
FindAllUsings(CType(elem, CodeClass).Parent)
ElseIf TypeOf elem Is CodeStruct Then
_usings.Add(CType(elem, CodeStruct).FullName)
FindAllUsings(CType(elem, CodeStruct).Parent)
ElseIf TypeOf elem Is CodeNamespace Then
_usings.Add(CType(elem, CodeNamespace).FullName)
For Each ns As String In CType(elem, CodeNamespace).Members.OfType(Of CodeImport) _
.Select(Function(x) x.Namespace)
_usings.Add(ns)
Next
FindAllUsings(CType(elem, CodeNamespace).Parent)
ElseIf TypeOf elem Is FileCodeModel Then
For Each ns As String In CType(elem, FileCodeModel).CodeElements.OfType(Of CodeImport) _
.Select(Function(x) x.Namespace)
_usings.Add(ns)
Next
End If
End Sub
Public Function FindCodeElement(ByVal caretPosition As TextPoint, ByVal elems As CodeElements) As CodeElement
If elems Is Nothing Then Return Nothing
Return elems.Cast(Of CodeElement) _
.Where(Function(x) x.StartPoint.LessThan(caretPosition) AndAlso _
x.EndPoint.GreaterThan(caretPosition)) _
.Select(Function(x) If(FindCodeElement(caretPosition, GetMembers(x)), x)) _
.FirstOrDefault()
End Function
Public Sub PrintMemberAssignments(ByVal memberAssignment As Func(Of String, String, String, CodeTypeRef, String), _
ByVal editPoint As EditPoint, _
ByVal indent As String, _
ByVal variable As String, _
ByVal members As CodeElements)
For Each member As CodeElement In members
Dim typeref As EnvDTE.CodeTypeRef
If TypeOf member Is CodeProperty2 Then
Dim prop As CodeProperty2 = CType(member, CodeProperty2)
If prop.Setter Is Nothing Then
If prop.Access <> vsCMAccess.vsCMAccessPublic Then Continue For
If prop.ReadWrite = vsCMPropertyKind.vsCMPropertyKindReadOnly Then Continue For
If prop.IsShared Then Continue For
ElseIf prop.Setter.Access <> vsCMAccess.vsCMAccessPublic Then
Continue For
ElseIf prop.Setter.IsShared Then
Continue For
End If
typeref = prop.Type
ElseIf TypeOf member Is CodeVariable Then
Dim var As CodeVariable = CType(member, CodeVariable)
If var.Access <> vsCMAccess.vsCMAccessPublic Then Continue For
If var.IsConstant Then Continue For
If var.IsShared Then Continue For
typeref = var.Type
Else
Continue For
End If
editPoint.EndOfLine()
editPoint.Insert(ControlChars.NewLine)
editPoint.Insert(memberAssignment(indent, variable, member.Name, typeref))
Next
End Sub
Private Function TrimKnownNamespace(ByVal fullName As String) As String
Return fullName.Substring(_usings.Where(Function(x) fullName.StartsWith(x) AndAlso _
fullName.Length > x.Length AndAlso _
fullName(x.Length) = "."c) _
.Select(Function(x) x.Length + 1) _
.DefaultIfEmpty(0) _
.Max())
End Function
Private Function FindClassInProjectItems(ByVal nprojectItems As ProjectItems, ByVal classname As String) As CodeElement
If nprojectItems Is Nothing Then Return Nothing
For Each nprojectitem As ProjectItem In nprojectItems
Dim found As CodeElement
If nprojectitem.Kind = EnvDTE.Constants.vsProjectItemKindPhysicalFile Then
If nprojectitem.FileCodeModel Is Nothing Then Continue For
found = FindClassInCodeElements(nprojectitem.FileCodeModel.CodeElements, classname)
If found IsNot Nothing Then Return found
End If
If nprojectitem.SubProject IsNot Nothing Then
found = FindClassInProjectItems(nprojectitem.SubProject.ProjectItems, classname)
If found IsNot Nothing Then Return found
End If
found = FindClassInProjectItems(nprojectitem.ProjectItems, classname)
If found IsNot Nothing Then Return found
Next
Return Nothing
End Function
Private Function FindClassInCodeElements(ByVal elems As CodeElements, ByVal classname As String) As CodeElement
If elems Is Nothing Then Return Nothing
For Each elem As CodeElement In elems
If IsClassType(elem) Then
If classname = elem.Name Then Return elem
ElseIf Not TypeOf elem Is CodeNamespace Then
Continue For
End If
If _usings.Contains(elem.FullName) Then
Dim found As CodeElement = FindClassInCodeElements(GetMembers(elem), classname)
If found IsNot Nothing Then Return found
End If
Next
Return Nothing
End Function
Private Function GetMembers(ByVal elem As CodeElement) As CodeElements
If TypeOf elem Is CodeClass Then
Return CType(elem, CodeClass).Members
ElseIf TypeOf elem Is CodeNamespace Then
Return CType(elem, CodeNamespace).Members
ElseIf TypeOf elem Is CodeStruct Then
Return CType(elem, CodeStruct).Members
ElseIf TypeOf elem Is CodeInterface Then
Return CType(elem, CodeInterface).Members
End If
Return Nothing
End Function
Private Function IsClassType(ByVal elem As CodeElement) As Boolean
Return TypeOf elem Is CodeClass OrElse TypeOf elem Is CodeStruct OrElse TypeOf elem Is CodeInterface
End Function
Private Function CSharpMemberAssignment(ByVal indent As String, _
ByVal variable As String, _
ByVal membername As String, _
ByVal typeref As EnvDTE.CodeTypeRef) As String
Dim typekind As EnvDTE.vsCMTypeRef = typeref.TypeKind
Dim value As String
If typekind = vsCMTypeRef.vsCMTypeRefArray Then
value = "{0}{1}.{2} = new {3}[1];"
Return String.Format(value, indent, variable, membername, TrimKnownNamespace(typeref.ElementType.AsString)) & _
ControlChars.NewLine & _
CSharpMemberAssignment(indent, variable, membername & "[0]", typeref.ElementType)
ElseIf typekind = vsCMTypeRef.vsCMTypeRefBool Then
value = "false"
ElseIf typekind = vsCMTypeRef.vsCMTypeRefChar Then
value = "'x'"
ElseIf typekind = vsCMTypeRef.vsCMTypeRefDecimal Then
value = "0.00m"
ElseIf typekind = vsCMTypeRef.vsCMTypeRefDouble Then
value = "0.00"
ElseIf typekind = vsCMTypeRef.vsCMTypeRefInt Then
value = "0"
ElseIf typekind = vsCMTypeRef.vsCMTypeRefLong Then
value = "0"
ElseIf typekind = vsCMTypeRef.vsCMTypeRefShort Then
value = "0"
ElseIf typekind = vsCMTypeRef.vsCMTypeRefByte Then
value = "0"
ElseIf typekind = vsCMTypeRef.vsCMTypeRefString Then
value = """" & membername & """"
ElseIf typekind = vsCMTypeRef.vsCMTypeRefCodeType AndAlso _
typeref.AsString = "System.DateTime" Then
value = String.Format("new DateTime({0:yyyy}, {0:%M}, {0:%d})", DateTime.Today)
Else
value = "new " & TrimKnownNamespace(typeref.AsString) & "()"
End If
Return String.Format("{0}{1}.{2} = {3};", indent, variable, membername, value)
End Function
Private Function CSharpMemberGetValue(ByVal indent As String, _
ByVal variable As String, _
ByVal membername As String, _
ByVal typeref As EnvDTE.CodeTypeRef) As String
Dim typekind As EnvDTE.vsCMTypeRef = typeref.TypeKind
Dim value As String
If typekind = vsCMTypeRef.vsCMTypeRefArray Then
value = "{0}{1}.{2} = new {3}[1];"
Return String.Format(value, indent, variable, membername, TrimKnownNamespace(typeref.ElementType.AsString)) & _
ControlChars.NewLine & _
CSharpMemberGetValue(indent, variable, membername & "[0]", typeref.ElementType)
ElseIf typekind = vsCMTypeRef.vsCMTypeRefBool Then
value = "src.GetBoolean()"
ElseIf typekind = vsCMTypeRef.vsCMTypeRefChar Then
value = "src.GetChar()"
ElseIf typekind = vsCMTypeRef.vsCMTypeRefDecimal Then
value = "src.GetDecimal()"
ElseIf typekind = vsCMTypeRef.vsCMTypeRefDouble Then
value = "src.GetDouble()"
ElseIf typekind = vsCMTypeRef.vsCMTypeRefInt Then
value = "src.GetInt32()"
ElseIf typekind = vsCMTypeRef.vsCMTypeRefLong Then
value = "src.GetInt64()"
ElseIf typekind = vsCMTypeRef.vsCMTypeRefShort Then
value = "src.GetInt16()"
ElseIf typekind = vsCMTypeRef.vsCMTypeRefByte Then
value = "src.GetByte()"
ElseIf typekind = vsCMTypeRef.vsCMTypeRefString Then
value = "src.GetString()"
ElseIf typekind = vsCMTypeRef.vsCMTypeRefCodeType AndAlso _
typeref.AsString = "System.DateTime" Then
value = "src.GetDateTime()"
Else
value = "new " & TrimKnownNamespace(typeref.AsString) & "()"
End If
Return String.Format("{0}{1}.{2} = {3};", indent, variable, membername, value)
End Function
Private Function VbMemberAssignment(ByVal indent As String, _
ByVal variable As String, _
ByVal membername As String, _
ByVal typeref As EnvDTE.CodeTypeRef) As String
Dim typekind As EnvDTE.vsCMTypeRef = typeref.TypeKind
Dim value As String
If typekind = vsCMTypeRef.vsCMTypeRefArray Then
value = "{0}Redim {1}.{2}(1)" ' Vb don't need type argument
Return String.Format(value, indent, variable, membername, TrimKnownNamespace(typeref.ElementType.AsString)) & _
ControlChars.NewLine & _
VbMemberAssignment(indent, variable, membername & "(0)", typeref.ElementType)
ElseIf typekind = vsCMTypeRef.vsCMTypeRefBool Then
value = "False"
ElseIf typekind = vsCMTypeRef.vsCMTypeRefChar Then
value = """x""c"
ElseIf typekind = vsCMTypeRef.vsCMTypeRefDecimal Then
value = "0.00d"
ElseIf typekind = vsCMTypeRef.vsCMTypeRefDouble Then
value = "0.00r"
ElseIf typekind = vsCMTypeRef.vsCMTypeRefInt Then
value = "0"
ElseIf typekind = vsCMTypeRef.vsCMTypeRefLong Then
value = "0L"
ElseIf typekind = vsCMTypeRef.vsCMTypeRefShort Then
value = "0s"
ElseIf typekind = vsCMTypeRef.vsCMTypeRefByte Then
value = "0 AS Byte"
ElseIf typekind = vsCMTypeRef.vsCMTypeRefString Then
value = """" & membername & """"
ElseIf typekind = vsCMTypeRef.vsCMTypeRefArray Then
value = "New " & TrimKnownNamespace(typeref.ElementType.AsString) & "(1)"
ElseIf typekind = vsCMTypeRef.vsCMTypeRefCodeType AndAlso _
typeref.AsString = "Date" Then
value = String.Format("new Date({0:yyyy}, {0:%M}, {0:%d})", DateTime.Today)
Else
value = "new " & TrimKnownNamespace(typeref.AsString) & "()"
End If
Return String.Format("{0}{1}.{2} = {3}", indent, variable, membername, value)
End Function
Private Function VbMemberGetValue(ByVal indent As String, _
ByVal variable As String, _
ByVal membername As String, _
ByVal typeref As EnvDTE.CodeTypeRef) As String
Dim typekind As EnvDTE.vsCMTypeRef = typeref.TypeKind
Dim value As String
If typekind = vsCMTypeRef.vsCMTypeRefArray Then
value = "{0}Redim {1}.{2}(1)" ' Vb don't need type argument
Return String.Format(value, indent, variable, membername, TrimKnownNamespace(typeref.ElementType.AsString)) & _
ControlChars.NewLine & _
VbMemberGetValue(indent, variable, membername & "(0)", typeref.ElementType)
ElseIf typekind = vsCMTypeRef.vsCMTypeRefBool Then
value = "src.GetBoolean()"
ElseIf typekind = vsCMTypeRef.vsCMTypeRefChar Then
value = "src.GetChar()"
ElseIf typekind = vsCMTypeRef.vsCMTypeRefDecimal Then
value = "src.GetDecimal()"
ElseIf typekind = vsCMTypeRef.vsCMTypeRefDouble Then
value = "src.GetDouble()"
ElseIf typekind = vsCMTypeRef.vsCMTypeRefInt Then
value = "src.GetInt32()"
ElseIf typekind = vsCMTypeRef.vsCMTypeRefLong Then
value = "src.GetInt64()"
ElseIf typekind = vsCMTypeRef.vsCMTypeRefShort Then
value = "src.GetInt16()"
ElseIf typekind = vsCMTypeRef.vsCMTypeRefByte Then
value = "src.GetByte()"
ElseIf typekind = vsCMTypeRef.vsCMTypeRefString Then
value = "src.GetString()"
ElseIf typekind = vsCMTypeRef.vsCMTypeRefArray Then
value = "New " & TrimKnownNamespace(typeref.ElementType.AsString) & "(1)"
ElseIf typekind = vsCMTypeRef.vsCMTypeRefCodeType AndAlso _
typeref.AsString = "Date" Then
value = "src.GetDateTime()"
Else
value = "new " & TrimKnownNamespace(typeref.AsString) & "()"
End If
Return String.Format("{0}{1}.{2} = {3}", indent, variable, membername, value)
End Function
End Module
Good morning you should be able to do this either by creating a Visual Studio Code Snippet or by creating a ReSharper Code Template
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/9083379/is-there-a-way-at-design-time-to-initialize-an-object-with-all-properties-in-v