Setting `axes.linewidth` without changing the `rcParams` global dict

问题

So, it seems one cannot do the following (it raises an error, since axes does not have a set_linewidth method):

axes_style = {'linewidth':5}
axes_rect = [0.1, 0.1, 0.9, 0.9]

axes(axes_rect, **axes_style)

and has to use the following old trick instead:

rcParams['axes.linewidth'] = 5 # set the value globally

... # some code

rcdefaults() # restore [global] defaults

Is there an easy / clean way (may be one can set x- and y- axes parameters individually, etc)?

P.S. If no, why?

回答1:

The above answer does not work, as it is explained in the comments. I suggest to use spines.

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

fig = plt.figure()
ax = fig.add_subplot(111)

# you can change each line separately, like:
#ax.spines['right'].set_linewidth(0.5)
# to change all, just write:

for axis in ['top','bottom','left','right']:
  ax.spines[axis].set_linewidth(0.5)

plt.show()
# see more about spines at:
#http://matplotlib.org/api/spines_api.html
#http://matplotlib.org/examples/pylab_examples/multiple_yaxis_with_spines.html

回答2:

plt.setp(ax.spines.values(), linewidth=5)

回答3:

Yes, there's an easy and clean way to do this.

Calling 'axhline' and 'axvline' from an axis instance appears to be the technique endorsed in the MPL Documentation.

In any event, it is simple and gives you fine-grained control over the appearance of the axes.

So for instance, this code will create a plot and color the x-axis green and increase the line width of the x-axis from a default value of "1" to a value of "4"; the y-axis is colored red and the line width of the y-axis is increased from "1" to "8".

from matplotlib import pyplot as PLT
fig = PLT.figure()
ax1 = fig.add_subplot(111)

ax1.axhline(linewidth=4, color="g")        # inc. width of x-axis and color it green
ax1.axvline(linewidth=4, color="r")        # inc. width of y-axis and color it red

PLT.show()

The axhline/axvline function accepts additional arguments which ought to allow you do any pretty much whatever you want aesthetically, in particular any of the ~matplotlib.lines.Line2D properties are valid kwargs (e.g., 'alpha', 'linestyle', capstyle, joinstyle).

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2553521/setting-axes-linewidth-without-changing-the-rcparams-global-dict