Ansible: Can I execute role from command line?

Suppose I have a role called "apache"

Now I want to execute that role on host 192.168.0.10 from the command line from Ansible host

ansible-playbook -i  "192.168.0.10" --role  "path to role"

Is there a way to do that?

I am not aware of this feature, but you can use tags to just run one role from your playbook.

roles:
    - {role: 'mysql', tags: 'mysql'}
    - {role: 'apache', tags: 'apache'}

ansible-playbook webserver.yml --tags "apache"

With ansible 2.7 you can do this:

$ cd /path/to/ansible/
$ ansible localhost -m include_role -a name=<role_name>
localhost | SUCCESS => {
    "changed": false,
    "include_variables": {
        "name": "<role_name>"
    }
}
localhost | SUCCESS => {
    "msg": "<role_name>"
}

This will run role from /path/to/ansible/roles or configured role path.

There is no such thing in Ansible, but if this is an often use case for you, try this script.
Put it somewhere within your searchable PATH under name ansible-role:

#!/bin/bash

if [[ $# < 2 ]]; then
  cat <<HELP
Wrapper script for ansible-playbook to apply single role.

Usage: $0 <host-pattern> <role-name> [ansible-playbook options]

Examples:
  $0 dest_host my_role
  $0 custom_host my_role -i 'custom_host,' -vv --check
HELP
  exit
fi

HOST_PATTERN=$1
shift
ROLE=$1
shift

echo "Trying to apply role \"$ROLE\" to host/group \"$HOST_PATTERN\"..."

export ANSIBLE_ROLES_PATH="$(pwd)/roles"
export ANSIBLE_RETRY_FILES_ENABLED="False"
ansible-playbook "$@" /dev/stdin <<END
---
- hosts: $HOST_PATTERN
  roles:
    - $ROLE
END

You could also check ansible-toolbox repository. It will allow you to use something like

ansible-role --host 192.168.0.10 --gather --user centos --become my-role

I have written a small Ansible plugin, called auto_tags, that dynamically generates for each role in your playbook a tag of the same name. You can find it here.

After installing it (instructions are in the gist above) you could then execute a specific role with:

ansible-playbook -i "192.168.0.10" --tags "name_of_role"

in ansible 2.8 it works slightly different

wohlgemuth@leela:~/workspace/rtmtb-ansible/kvm-cluster$ ansible localhost -m import_role -a name=rtmtb
 [WARNING]: No inventory was parsed, only implicit localhost is available

localhost | CHANGED => {
    "changed": true, 
    "checksum": "d31b41e68997e1c7f182bb56286edf993146dba1", 
    "dest": "/root/.ssh/id_rsa.github", 
    "gid": 0, 
    "group": "root", 
    "md5sum": "b7831c4c72f3f62207b2b96d3d7ed9b3", 
    "mode": "0600", 
    "owner": "root", 
    "size": 3389, 
    "src": "/home/wohlgemuth/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1561491049.46-139127672211209/source", 
    "state": "file", 
    "uid": 0
}
localhost | CHANGED => {
    "changed": true, 
    "checksum": "1972ebcd25363f8e45adc91d38405dfc0386b5f0", 
    "dest": "/root/.ssh/config", 
    "gid": 0, 
    "group": "root", 
    "md5sum": "f82552a9494e40403da4a80e4c528781", 
    "mode": "0644", 
    "owner": "root", 
    "size": 147, 
    "src": "/home/wohlgemuth/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1561491049.99-214274671218454/source", 
    "state": "file", 
    "uid": 0
}

Have you try that? it's super cool. I'm using 'update-os' instead of 'apache' role to give a more meaningful example. I have a role called let's say ./roles/update-os/ in my ./ I add a file called ./role-update-os.yml which looks like:

#!/usr/bin/ansible-playbook
---
- hosts: all
  gather_facts: yes
  become: yes
  roles:
  - update-os

Make this file executable (chmod +x role-update-os.yml). Now you can run and limit to whatever you have in your inventory ./update-os.yml -i inventory-dev --limit 192.168.0.10 the limit you can pass the group names as well.
--limit web,db > web and db is the group defined in your inventory
--limit 192.168.0.10,192.168.0.201

;./inventory-dev
[web]
192.168.0.10

[db]
192.168.0.201

Note that you can configure ssh-keys and sudoers policy to be able to execute without having to type password - ideal for automation, there are security implications with this. therefore you have to analyse your environment to see whether it's suitable.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/38350674/ansible-can-i-execute-role-from-command-line

标签

ansible

ansible-role