
结构化膨胀:通过自定义提取兴趣的结构,在该结构覆盖下的最大值作为该取值。

结构化腐蚀:通过自定义提取兴趣的结构,在该结构覆盖下的最小值作为该取值。


一、水平直线提取
代码如下:
#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include <iostream>
using namespace cv;
int main(int argc, char** argv) {
Mat src, dst;
src = imread("L:/opencv_picture/14.png");
if (!src.data) {
printf("could not load image...\n");
return -1;
}
char INPUT_WIN[] = "input image";
char OUTPUT_WIN[] = "result image";
namedWindow(INPUT_WIN, CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
imshow(INPUT_WIN, src);
Mat gray_src;
cvtColor(src, gray_src, CV_BGR2GRAY);
imshow("gray image", gray_src);
Mat binImg;
adaptiveThreshold(~gray_src, binImg, 255, ADAPTIVE_THRESH_MEAN_C, THRESH_BINARY, 15, -2);
//adaptiveThreshold参数:1.原图 2.生成图像 3.二值图像最大值 4.自适应方法 5.阈值类型 6.块大小 7.常量
imshow("binary image", binImg);
// 水平结构元素
Mat hline = getStructuringElement(MORPH_RECT, Size(src.cols / 16, 1), Point(-1, -1));
// 垂直结构元素
Mat vline = getStructuringElement(MORPH_RECT, Size(1, src.rows / 16), Point(-1, -1));
// 矩形结构
Mat kernel = getStructuringElement(MORPH_RECT, Size(3, 3), Point(-1, -1));
Mat temp;
erode(binImg, temp, hline);
dilate(temp, dst, hline);
// morphologyEx(binImg, dst, CV_MOP_OPEN, vline);
bitwise_not(dst, dst);
//blur(dst, dst, Size(3, 3), Point(-1, -1));
imshow("Final Result", dst);
waitKey(0);
return 0;
}
结果:

二、竖直线提取
仅提取参数代码改变:
#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include <iostream>
using namespace cv;
int main(int argc, char** argv) {
Mat src, dst;
src = imread("L:/opencv_picture/14.png");
if (!src.data) {
printf("could not load image...\n");
return -1;
}
char INPUT_WIN[] = "input image";
char OUTPUT_WIN[] = "result image";
namedWindow(INPUT_WIN, CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
imshow(INPUT_WIN, src);
Mat gray_src;
cvtColor(src, gray_src, CV_BGR2GRAY);
imshow("gray image", gray_src);
Mat binImg;
adaptiveThreshold(~gray_src, binImg, 255, ADAPTIVE_THRESH_MEAN_C, THRESH_BINARY, 15, -2);
//adaptiveThreshold参数:1.原图 2.生成图像 3.二值图像最大值 4.自适应方法 5.阈值类型 6.块大小 7.常量
imshow("binary image", binImg);
// 水平结构元素
Mat hline = getStructuringElement(MORPH_RECT, Size(src.cols / 16, 1), Point(-1, -1));
// 垂直结构元素
Mat vline = getStructuringElement(MORPH_RECT, Size(1, src.rows / 16), Point(-1, -1));
// 矩形结构
Mat kernel = getStructuringElement(MORPH_RECT, Size(3, 3), Point(-1, -1));
Mat temp;
erode(binImg, temp, vline);
dilate(temp, dst, vline);
// morphologyEx(binImg, dst, CV_MOP_OPEN, vline);
bitwise_not(dst, dst);
//blur(dst, dst, Size(3, 3), Point(-1, -1));
imshow("Final Result", dst);
waitKey(0);
return 0;
}
结果:

三、矩形提取
代码:
#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include <iostream>
using namespace cv;
int main(int argc, char** argv) {
Mat src, dst;
src = imread("L:/opencv_picture/15.bmp");
if (!src.data) {
printf("could not load image...\n");
return -1;
}
char INPUT_WIN[] = "input image";
char OUTPUT_WIN[] = "result image";
namedWindow(INPUT_WIN, CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
imshow(INPUT_WIN, src);
Mat gray_src;
cvtColor(src, gray_src, CV_BGR2GRAY);
imshow("gray image", gray_src);
Mat binImg;
adaptiveThreshold(~gray_src, binImg, 255, ADAPTIVE_THRESH_MEAN_C, THRESH_BINARY, 15, -2);
//adaptiveThreshold参数:1.原图 2.生成图像 3.二值图像最大值 4.自适应方法 5.阈值类型 6.块大小 7.常量
imshow("binary image", binImg);
// 水平结构元素
Mat hline = getStructuringElement(MORPH_RECT, Size(src.cols / 16, 1), Point(-1, -1));
// 垂直结构元素
Mat vline = getStructuringElement(MORPH_RECT, Size(1, src.rows / 16), Point(-1, -1));
// 矩形结构
Mat kernel = getStructuringElement(MORPH_RECT, Size(3, 3), Point(-1, -1));
Mat temp;
erode(binImg, temp, kernel);
dilate(temp, dst, kernel);
// morphologyEx(binImg, dst, CV_MOP_OPEN, vline);
bitwise_not(dst, dst);
//blur(dst, dst, Size(3, 3), Point(-1, -1));
imshow("Final Result", dst);
waitKey(0);
return 0;
}
