数据分析(四) | 易学教程

绘制K线图

案例：使用matplotlib绘制K线图

绘制dates与收盘价的折线图：

import numpy as np
import datetime as dt
import matplotlib.pyplot as mp
import matplotlib.dates as md

# 绘制k线图，x为日期
mp.figure('APPL K', facecolor='lightgray')
mp.title('APPL K')
mp.xlabel('Day', fontsize=12)
mp.ylabel('Price', fontsize=12)

#拿到坐标轴
ax = mp.gca()
#设置主刻度定位器为周定位器（每周一显示主刻度文本）
ax.xaxis.set_major_locator( md.WeekdayLocator(byweekday=md.MO) )
ax.xaxis.set_major_formatter(md.DateFormatter('%d %b %Y'))
#设置次刻度定位器为日定位器 
ax.xaxis.set_minor_locator(md.DayLocator())
mp.tick_params(labelsize=8)
dates = dates.astype(md.datetime.datetime)

mp.plot(dates, opening_prices, color='dodgerblue',
        linestyle='-')
mp.gcf().autofmt_xdate()
mp.show()

绘制每一天的蜡烛图：

#绘制每一天的蜡烛图
#填充色：涨为白色，跌为绿色
rise = closeing_prices >= opening_prices
color = np.array([('white' if x else 'limegreen') for x in rise])
#边框色：涨为红色，跌为绿色
edgecolor = np.array([('red' if x else 'limegreen') for x in rise])

#绘制线条
mp.bar(dates, highest_prices - lowest_prices, 0.1,
    lowest_prices, color=edgecolor)
#绘制方块
mp.bar(dates, closeing_prices - opening_prices, 0.8,
    opening_prices, color=color, edgecolor=edgecolor)

# 绘制K线图
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as mp
import datetime as dt
import matplotlib.dates as md


def dmy2ymd(dmy):
  """
  把日月年转年月日
  :param day:
  :return:
  """
  dmy = str(dmy, encoding='utf-8')
  t = dt.datetime.strptime(dmy, '%d-%m-%Y')
  s = t.date().strftime('%Y-%m-%d')
  return s


dates, opening_prices, \
highest_prices, lowest_prices, \
closing_prices = \
  np.loadtxt('aapl.csv',
             delimiter=',',
             usecols=(1, 3, 4, 5, 6),
             unpack=True,
             dtype='M8[D],f8,f8,f8,f8',
             converters={1: dmy2ymd})  # 日月年转年月日
print(dates)
# 绘制收盘价的折现图
mp.figure('APPL', facecolor='lightgray')
mp.title('APPL', fontsize=18)
mp.xlabel('Date', fontsize=14)
mp.ylabel('Price', fontsize=14)
mp.grid(linestyle=":")

# 设置刻度定位器
# 每周一一个主刻度,一天一个次刻度

ax = mp.gca()
ma_loc = md.WeekdayLocator(byweekday=md.MO)
ax.xaxis.set_major_locator(ma_loc)
ax.xaxis.set_major_formatter(md.DateFormatter('%Y-%m-%d'))
ax.xaxis.set_minor_locator(md.DayLocator())
# 修改dates的dtype为md.datetime.datetiem
dates = dates.astype(md.datetime.datetime)
mp.plot(dates, closing_prices,
        color='dodgerblue',
        linewidth=2,
        linestyle='--',
        alpha=0.8,
        label='APPL Closing Price')
#整理颜色
rise = closing_prices>opening_prices
ecolor = np.array(['red' if x else 'green' for x in rise])
color = np.array(['white' if x else 'green' for x in rise])

# for x in rise:
#   if x :
#     ecolor = np.array('red')
#   else:
#     ecolor = np.array('green')

#绘制实体
mp.bar(dates,opening_prices-closing_prices,0.8,opening_prices,
       edgecolor=ecolor,color=color,zorder=3)
#绘制影线
mp.vlines(dates,lowest_prices,highest_prices,color=ecolor)
mp.gcf().autofmt_xdate()
mp.show()

来源：https://www.cnblogs.com/maplethefox/p/11457183.html

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