Is it possible to replicate Swifts automatic numeric value bridging to Foundation (NSNumber) for (U)Int8/16/32/64 types?

问题

Question

• Is it possible to replicate Swifts numeric value bridging to Foundation:s NSNumber reference type, for e.g. Int32, UInt32, Int64 and UInt64 types? Specifically, replicating the automatic by-assignment bridging covered below.

Intended example usage of such a solution:

let foo : Int64 = 42
let bar : NSNumber = foo
    /* Currently, as expected, error:
       cannot convert value of type \'Int64\' to specified type \'NSNumber */

---

Background

Some of the native Swift number (value) types can be automatically bridged to NSNumber (reference) type:

Instances of the Swift numeric structure types, such as Int, UInt, Float, Double, and Bool, cannot be represented by the AnyObject type, because AnyObject only represents instances of a class type. However, when bridging to Foundation is enabled, Swift numeric values can be assigned to constants and variables of AnyObject type as bridged instances of the NSNumber class.

...

Swift automatically bridges certain native number types, such as Int and Float, to NSNumber. This bridging lets you create an NSNumber from one of these types:

let n = 42
let m: NSNumber = n

It also allows you to pass a value of type Int, for example, to an argument expecting an NSNumber. ...

All of the following types are automatically bridged to NSNumber:

- Int
- UInt
- Float
- Double
- Bool

From Interoperability - Working with Cocoa Data Types - Numbers.

So why attempt to replicate this for the IntXX/UIntXX types?

Primarily: Curiosity, sparked by seeing some questions recently with underlying problems covering confusion over why an Int value type seemingly can be represented by an AnyObject (reference) variable, whereas e.g. Int64, cannot; which is naturally explained by the bridging covered above. To pick a few:

• Why is a Swift Array<Int> compatible with AnyObject?
• Cannot subscript a value of type '[UInt32]'
• Using generic arrays in swift

None of Q&A:s above mentions, however, the possibility of actually implementing such automatic bridging to AnyObject (NSNumber) from the non-bridged types Int64, UInt16 and so on. The answers in these threads rather focuses (correctly) on explaining why AnyObject cannot hold value types, and how the IntXX/UIntXX types are not bridged for automatic conversion to the underlying Foundation types of the former.

Secondarily: For applications running at both 32-bit and 64-bit architectures, there are some narrow use cases—using Swift native number types implicitly converted to AnyObject, in some context—where using e.g. Int32 or Int64 type would be preferred over Int. One (somewhat) such example:

• Why does this random function code crash on an iPhone 5 and 5S.

回答1:

Yes (it's possible): by conformance to protocol _ObjectiveCBridgeable

(The following answer is based on using Swift 2.2 and XCode 7.3.)

Just as I was pondering over whether to post or simply skip this question, I stumbled over swift/stdlib/public/core/BridgeObjectiveC.swift in the Swift source code, specifically the protocol _ObjectiveCBridgeable. I've briefly noticed the protocol previously at Swiftdoc.org, but in its current (empty) blueprint form in the latter, I've never given much thought to it. Using the blueprints for _ObjectiveCBridgeable from the Swift source we can, however, swiftly let some native of custom type conform to it.

Before proceeding, note that _ObjectiveCBridgeable is an internal/hidden protocol (_UnderScorePreFixedProtocol), so solutions based on it might break without warning in upcoming Swift versions.

---

Enabling Int64 bridging to Foundation class NSNumber

As an example, extend Int64 to conform to _ObjectiveCBridgeable, and subsequently test if this quite simple fix is sufficient for the implicit type conversion (bridging) from Int64 to Foundation class NSNumber holds.

import Foundation

extension Int64: _ObjectiveCBridgeable {

    public typealias _ObjectiveCType = NSNumber

    public static func _isBridgedToObjectiveC() -> Bool {
        return true
    }

    public static func _getObjectiveCType() -> Any.Type {
        return _ObjectiveCType.self
    }

    public func _bridgeToObjectiveC() -> _ObjectiveCType {
        return NSNumber(longLong: self)
    }

    public static func _forceBridgeFromObjectiveC(source: _ObjectiveCType, inout result: Int64?) {
        result = source.longLongValue
    }

    public static func _conditionallyBridgeFromObjectiveC(source: _ObjectiveCType, inout result: Int64?) -> Bool {
        self._forceBridgeFromObjectiveC(source, result: &result)
        return true
    }
}

Test:

/* Test case: scalar */
let fooInt: Int = 42
let fooInt64: Int64 = 42
var fooAnyObj : AnyObject

fooAnyObj = fooInt    // OK, natively
fooAnyObj = fooInt64  // OK! _ObjectiveCBridgeable conformance successful

/* Test case: array */
let fooIntArr: [Int] = [42, 23]
let fooInt64Arr: [Int64] = [42, 23]
var fooAnyObjArr : [AnyObject]

fooAnyObjArr = fooIntArr    // OK, natively
fooAnyObjArr = fooInt64Arr  // OK! _ObjectiveCBridgeable conformance successful

Hence, conformance to _ObjectiveCBridgeable is indeed sufficient to enable automatic by-assignment bridging to the corresponding Foundation class; in this case, NSNumber (in Swift, __NSCFNumber).

---

Enabling Int8, UInt8, Int16, UInt16, Int32, UInt32, (Int64), and UInt64 bridging to NSNumber

The above conformance of Int64 to _ObjectiveCBridgeable can easily be modified to cover any of the Swift-native integer types, using the NSNumber conversion table below.

/* NSNumber initializer:               NSNumber native Swift type property
   --------------------------------    -----------------------------------
   init(char: <Int8>)                  .charValue
   init(unsignedChar: <UInt8>)         .unsignedCharValue
   init(short: <Int16>)                .shortValue
   init(unsignedShort: <UInt16>)       .unsignedShortValue
   init(int: <Int32>)                  .intValue
   init(unsignedInt: <UInt32>)         .unsignedIntValue
   init(longLong: <Int64>)             .longLongValue
   init(unsignedLongLong: <UInt64>)    .unsignedLongLongValue              */

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/35893517/is-it-possible-to-replicate-swifts-automatic-numeric-value-bridging-to-foundatio