问题
I have some Python code example I\'d like to share that should do something different if executed in the terminal Python / IPython or in the IPython notebook.
How can I check from my Python code if it\'s running in the IPython notebook?
回答1:
The question is what do you want execute differently.
We do our best in IPython prevent the kernel from knowing to which kind of frontend is connected, and actually you can even have a kernel connected to many differents frontends at the same time. Even if you can take a peek at the type of stderr/out to know wether you are in a ZMQ kernel or not, it does not guaranties you of what you have on the other side. You could even have no frontends at all.
You should probably write your code in a frontend independent manner, but if you want to display different things, you can use the rich display system (link pinned to version 4.x of IPython) to display different things depending on the frontend, but the frontend will choose, not the library.
回答2:
To check if you're in a notebook, which can be important e.g. when determining what sort of progressbar to use, this worked for me:
def in_ipynb():
try:
cfg = get_ipython().config
if cfg['IPKernelApp']['parent_appname'] == 'ipython-notebook':
return True
else:
return False
except NameError:
return False
回答3:
The following worked for my needs:
get_ipython().__class__.__name__
It returns 'TerminalInteractiveShell' on a terminal IPython, 'ZMQInteractiveShell' on Jupyter (notebook AND qtconsole) and fails (NameError) on a regular Python interpreter. The method get_python() seems to be available in the global namespace by default when IPython is started.
Wrapping it in a simple function:
def isnotebook():
try:
shell = get_ipython().__class__.__name__
if shell == 'ZMQInteractiveShell':
return True # Jupyter notebook or qtconsole
elif shell == 'TerminalInteractiveShell':
return False # Terminal running IPython
else:
return False # Other type (?)
except NameError:
return False # Probably standard Python interpreter
The above was tested with Python 3.5.2, IPython 5.1.0 and Jupyter 4.2.1 on macOS 10.12 and Ubuntu 14.04.4 LTS
回答4:
You can check whether python is in interactive mode with the following snippet [1]:
def is_interactive():
import __main__ as main
return not hasattr(main, '__file__')
I have found this method very useful because I do a lot of prototyping in the notebook. For testing purposes, I use default parameters. Otherwise, I read the parameters from sys.argv.
from sys import argv
if is_interactive():
params = [<list of default parameters>]
else:
params = argv[1:]
Following the implementation of autonotebook, you can tell whether you are in a notebook using the following code.
def in_notebook():
try:
from IPython import get_ipython
if 'IPKernelApp' not in get_ipython().config: # pragma: no cover
return False
except ImportError:
return False
return True
回答5:
Recently I encountered a bug in Jupyter notebook which needs a workaround, and I wanted to do this without loosing functionality in other shells. I realized that keflavich's solution does not work in this case, because get_ipython() is available only directly from the notebook, and not from imported modules. So I found a way to detect from my module whether it is imported and used from a Jupyter notebook or not:
import sys
def in_notebook():
"""
Returns ``True`` if the module is running in IPython kernel,
``False`` if in IPython shell or other Python shell.
"""
return 'ipykernel' in sys.modules
# later I found out this:
def ipython_info():
ip = False
if 'ipykernel' in sys.modules:
ip = 'notebook'
elif 'IPython' in sys.modules:
ip = 'terminal'
return ip
Comments are appreciated if this is robust enough.
Similar way it is possible to get some info about the client, and IPython version as well:
import sys
if 'ipykernel' in sys.modules:
ip = sys.modules['ipykernel']
ip_version = ip.version_info
ip_client = ip.write_connection_file.__module__.split('.')[0]
# and this might be useful too:
ip_version = IPython.utils.sysinfo.get_sys_info()['ipython_version']
回答6:
The following captures the cases of https://stackoverflow.com/a/50234148/1491619 without needing to parse the output of ps
def pythonshell():
"""Determine python shell
pythonshell() returns
'shell' (started python on command line using "python")
'ipython' (started ipython on command line using "ipython")
'ipython-notebook' (e.g., running in Spyder or started with "ipython qtconsole")
'jupyter-notebook' (running in a Jupyter notebook)
See also https://stackoverflow.com/a/37661854
"""
import os
env = os.environ
shell = 'shell'
program = os.path.basename(env['_'])
if 'jupyter-notebook' in program:
shell = 'jupyter-notebook'
elif 'JPY_PARENT_PID' in env or 'ipython' in program:
shell = 'ipython'
if 'JPY_PARENT_PID' in env:
shell = 'ipython-notebook'
return shell
回答7:
As far as I know, Here has 3 kinds of ipython that used ipykernel
ipython qtconsole("qtipython" for short)- IPython in spyder ("spyder" for short)
- IPython in jupyter notebook ("jn" for short)
use 'spyder' in sys.modules can distinguish spyder
but for qtipython and jn are hard to distinguish cause
they have same sys.modules and same IPython config:get_ipython().config
I find a different between qtipython and jn:
first run os.getpid() in IPython shell get the pid number
then run ps -ef|grep [pid number]
my qtipython pid is 8699
yanglei 8699 8693 4 20:31 ? 00:00:01 /home/yanglei/miniconda2/envs/py3/bin/python -m ipykernel_launcher -f /run/user/1000/jupyter/kernel-8693.json
my jn pid is 8832
yanglei 8832 9788 13 20:32 ? 00:00:01 /home/yanglei/miniconda2/bin/python -m ipykernel_launcher -f /run/user/1000/jupyter/kernel-ccb962ec-3cd3-4008-a4b7-805a79576b1b.json
the different of qtipython and jn is the ipython's json name, jn's json name are longer than qtipython's
so, we can auto detection all Python Environment by following code:
import sys,os
def jupyterNotebookOrQtConsole():
env = 'Unknow'
cmd = 'ps -ef'
try:
with os.popen(cmd) as stream:
if not py2:
stream = stream._stream
s = stream.read()
pid = os.getpid()
ls = list(filter(lambda l:'jupyter' in l and str(pid) in l.split(' '), s.split('\n')))
if len(ls) == 1:
l = ls[0]
import re
pa = re.compile(r'kernel-([-a-z0-9]*)\.json')
rs = pa.findall(l)
if len(rs):
r = rs[0]
if len(r)<12:
env = 'qtipython'
else :
env = 'jn'
return env
except:
return env
pyv = sys.version_info.major
py3 = (pyv == 3)
py2 = (pyv == 2)
class pyi():
'''
python info
plt : Bool
mean plt avaliable
env :
belong [cmd, cmdipython, qtipython, spyder, jn]
'''
pid = os.getpid()
gui = 'ipykernel' in sys.modules
cmdipython = 'IPython' in sys.modules and not gui
ipython = cmdipython or gui
spyder = 'spyder' in sys.modules
if gui:
env = 'spyder' if spyder else jupyterNotebookOrQtConsole()
else:
env = 'cmdipython' if ipython else 'cmd'
cmd = not ipython
qtipython = env == 'qtipython'
jn = env == 'jn'
plt = gui or 'DISPLAY' in os.environ
print('Python Envronment is %s'%pyi.env)
the source code are here: Detection Python Environment, Especially distinguish Spyder, Jupyter notebook, Qtconsole.py
回答8:
I would recommend avoiding to detect specific frontend because there are too many of them. Instead you can just test if you are running from within iPython environment:
def is_running_from_ipython():
from IPython import get_ipython
return get_ipython() is not None
Above will return False if you are invoking running_from_ipython from usual python command line. When you invoke it from Jupyter Notebook, JupyterHub, iPython shell, Google Colab etc then it will return True.
回答9:
Tested for python 3.7.3
CPython implementations have the name __builtins__ available as part of their globals which btw. can be retrieved by the function globals().
If a script is running in an Ipython environment then __IPYTHON__ should be an attribute of __builtins__.
The code below therefore returns True if run under Ipython or else it gives False
hasattr(__builtins__,'__IPYTHON__')
回答10:
I am using Django Shell Plus to launch IPython, and I wanted to make 'running in notebook' available as a Django settings value. get_ipython() is not available when loading settings, so I use this (which is not bulletproof, but good enough for the local development environments it's used in):
import sys
if '--notebook' in sys.argv:
ENVIRONMENT = "notebook"
else:
ENVIRONMENT = "dev"
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/15411967/how-can-i-check-if-code-is-executed-in-the-ipython-notebook