How to get “Manage User Secrets” in a .NET Core console-application?

问题

When I create a new ASP .NET Core Web-Application, I can right-click the project in Visual Studio, and I see a context-menu entry called "Manage User Secrets".

When I create a new .NET Core Console-Application, I don't see this context-menu entry.

However, a "Web"-Application shows as "console" application in the project settings. Is there any way I can get this context-menu entry in a console-application ?

回答1:

"Manage user secrets" from a right click is only available in web projects.

There is a slightly different process for console applications

It requires manually typing the required elements into your csproj file then adding secrets through the PMC

I have outlined the process that worked for me in my current project step by step in this blog post :

https://medium.com/@granthair5/how-to-add-and-use-user-secrets-to-a-net-core-console-app-a0f169a8713f

tl;dr

Step 1

Right click project and hit edit projectName.csproj

Step 2

add <UserSecretsId>Insert New Guid Here</UserSecretsId> into csproj under TargetFramework

add <DotNetCliToolReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.SecretManager.Tools" Version="2.0.0"/> within Item Group in csproj

Step 3

Open PowerShell (admin) cd into project directory and

enter dotnet user-secrets set YourSecretName "YourSecretContent"

This will create a secrets.json file in:

%APPDATA%\microsoft\UserSecrets\<userSecretsId>\secrets.json

Where userSecretsId = the new Guid you created for your csproj

Step 4

Open secrets.json and edit to look similar to this

{
 "YourClassName":{
    "Secret1":"Secret1 Content",
    "Secret2":"Secret2 Content"
   }
}

By adding the name of your class you can then bind your secrets to an object to be used.

Create a basic POCO with the same name that you just used in your JSON.

namespace YourNamespace
{
    public class YourClassName
    {
        public string Secret1 { get; set; }
        public string Secret2 { get; set; }
    }
}

Step 5

Add Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.UserSecrets Nuget package to project

Add

var builder = new ConfigurationBuilder()
.SetBasePath(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory())
.AddJsonFile("appsettings.json", optional: false, reloadOnChange: true)
.AddUserSecrets<YourClassName>()
.AddEnvironmentVariables();

var services = new ServiceCollection()
.Configure<YourClassName>(Configuration.GetSection(nameof(YourClassName)))
.AddOptions()
.BuildServiceProvider();

services.GetService<SecretConsumer>();

To your Program.cs file.

Then inject IOptions<YourClassName> into the constructor of your class

private readonly YourClassName _secrets;

public SecretConsumer(IOptions<YourClassName> secrets)
{
  _secrets = secrets.Value;
}

Then access secrets by using _secrets.Secret1;

Thanks to Patric for pointing out that services.GetService<NameOfClass>(); should be services.GetService<SecretConsumer>();

回答2:

1.Add to your project file (Prior to dotnet 2.1 only):

<ItemGroup>
    <DotNetCliToolReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.SecretManager.Tools" Version="2.0.0" />
 </ItemGroup>

2.Set

 <PropertyGroup>
     <UserSecretsId>a random user id: manually add</UserSecretsId>
 </PropertyGroup>

Move to the migration project folder in Package Manager Console and add a key:value like:
```
dotnet user-secrets set "ConnectionStrings:DefaultConnection" "xxxxx"
```

Remember to be in the directory of that project (for Package manager console this means cd'ing into the project, not solution level)

回答3:

Manage User Secrets is now available from the context menu of .NET Core Console projects (not just ASP.NET Core projects) in Visual Studio 2019 (verified in version 16.1.3), once you reference the Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.UserSecrets NuGet.

回答4:

It appears that they haven't added that (at least to Visual Studio 2015) as an option for Console or DLL apps.

You can use this as a work around, but do so at your own risk, it will trick Visual Studio into believing that the dll project has Web capabilities as well.

Assuming Windows OS

Open File Explorer to C:\Program Files (x86)\MSBuild\Microsoft\VisualStudio\v{Version Number}\DotNet note: 14.0 is VS 2015, 15.0 is 2017 etc
backup the file named Microsoft.DotNet.targets
Add this line to Microsoft.DotNet.targets next to the other ProjectCabability tag

<ProjectCapability Include="DotNetCoreWeb" />
Save the file, and unload and reload your project / restart visual studio.

You may also need to delete your .suo file and/or your .vs folder

You should now see the context menu. It also changes the icon unfortunately. It seems to build just fine, but this is pretty untested so seriously, use at your own risk.

回答5:

Right click on the project and click edit csproj file.
On first line replace <Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk"> with <Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk.Web"> and save.

Now you can access to manage user secrets menu, edit it and save. Then you have to restore the first line of the csproj file to its defaults to be again a console app.

It's stupid but it works. Remember replace the usersecretsid property for every project or will just have one secrets.json for all your projects.

回答6:

There is already an ~~open~~ closed issue related to this on GitHub.

What you can do until they solve it, is to use the command line approach as described on Visual Studio Code or Command Line: Installing the Secret Manager tool. This doesn't mean that you get your context menu item but it works nevertheless.

One note, the documentation is referring to <DotNetCliToolReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.SecretManager.Tools" Version="1.0.1" /> while version 2.0.0 is already out and can be used.

回答7:

Additionally to the answers posted here, if you want a link to your own secrets.json file in your project, you can add the following code to an ItemGroup in your project file:

<None Include="$(AppData)\microsoft\UserSecrets\$(UserSecretsId)\secrets.json" Link="secrets.json" />

回答8:

How to get “Manage User Secrets” in a .NET Core console-application?

Using Visual Studio 2015 Community with update 3

File -> New-> Project
Select Console Application (.NET Core)
Press CTRL+ALT+L
Click on the project to get “Manage User Secrets” it will open up a file called secrets.json

and where you can manually enter user-secrets.

I was able to use command prompt to setup user secrets:

c:\Projects\ConsoleApp2\src\ConsoleApp2>dotnet user-secrets set BrainTree_sandbox:Merchant ID:9rv9mhnb5gh7nnyx

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/42268265/how-to-get-manage-user-secrets-in-a-net-core-console-application

标签

.net-core

asp.net-core-1.0

visual-studio-2017