部署
1. 安装相关软件
yum -y install cobbler cobbler-web dhcp \ tftp-server pykickstart httpd xinetd
2. 启动与自启动
systemctl enable httpd systemctl start httpd systemctl start cobblerd.service systemctl enable cobblerd.service
3. 核对当前设置
cobbler check
4. 解决相关问题
4.1 备份文件
cp /etc/cobbler/settings{,.bak}
4.2 设置变量
ifconfig eth0|awk 'NR==2{print $2}'
IP=$(ifconfig eth0|awk 'NR==2{print $2}')
4.3 修改配置
sed -i "s/server: 127.0.0.1/server: $IP/" /etc/cobbler/settings
grep "$IP" /etc/cobbler/settings
sed -i 's/manage_dhcp: 0/manage_dhcp: 1/' /etc/cobbler/settings
grep "manage_dhcp: 1" /etc/cobbler/settings
sed -i 's/pxe_just_once: 0/pxe_just_once: 1/' /etc/cobbler/settings
grep "pxe_just_once: 1" /etc/cobbler/settings
openssl passwd -1 -salt 'mine' '123456'
SSL=$(openssl passwd -1 -salt 'mine' '123456')
sed -i "s/default_password_crypted.*/default_password_crypted: "$SSL"/" /etc/cobbler/settings
grep "$SSL" /etc/cobbler/settings
cp /etc/xinetd.d/tftp{,.bak}
sed -i '/disable/s#yes#no#' /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
grep disable /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
4.4 下载文件
cobbler get-loaders ls /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/
4.5 添加服务
systemctl enable rsyncd systemctl start rsyncd
5. 再次核对设置
systemctl restart cobblerd.service cobbler check 以上两个问题暂时可以忽略
6. 配置相关模板
修改cobbler的dhcp模版，不要直接修改dhcp本身的配置文件，因为cobbler会覆盖。
6.1 备份与查看
cp /etc/cobbler/dhcp.template{,.bak}
sed -n '21,25p' /etc/cobbler/dhcp.template
6.2 修改与确认
sed -i 's#192.168.1.0#10.0.0.0#' /etc/cobbler/dhcp.template sed -i 's#192.168.1.5#10.0.0.254#' /etc/cobbler/dhcp.template sed -i 's#192.168.1.100 192.168.1.254#10.0.0.150 10.0.0.190#' \ /etc/cobbler/dhcp.template sed -i 's#192.168.1.1#223.5.5.5#' /etc/cobbler/dhcp.template sed -n '21,25p' /etc/cobbler/dhcp.template
6.3 重启与同步
重启服务并同步配置，改完dhcp必须要sync同步配置
systemctl restart cobblerd.service cobbler sync
6.4 检查与确认
netstat -lnup|grep dhcp sed -n '19,23p' /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
7. 导入相应镜像
根据需求导入不同的镜像，这里用 CentOS 7.6 的镜像为演示
7.1 检查与确认
检查和确认光盘是否已经装入DVD中
7.2挂载与导入
时间会比较久，请耐心等待
mount /dev/cdrom /mnt cobbler import --path=/mnt --name=Centos-7.6 --arch=x86_64 # --path 镜像路径 # --name 为安装源定义一个名字 # --arch 指定安装源是32位、64位、ia64, 目前支持的选项有: x86│x86_64│ia64 # 安装源的唯一标示就是根据name参数来定义，本例导入成功后，安装源的唯一标示就是：CentOS-7.6-x86_64，如果重复，系统会提示导入失败。
7.3 查看与确认
cobbler distro list cobbler list
8. 查看相关信息
镜像存放目录，cobbler会将镜像中的所有安装文件拷贝到本地一份，放在/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror下的CentOS-7.1-x86_64目录下。因此/var/www/cobbler目录必须具有足够容纳安装文件的空间。
8.1 查看镜像存放的目录
ls /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror ls /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/Centos-7.6-x86_64 du -smh /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/Centos-7.6-x86_64/
8.2 查看所有的profile设置
cobbler profile report
8.3 查看指定的profile设置
cobbler profile report --name=CentOS-7.6-x86_64
8.4 查看安装镜像文件信息
cobbler distro report --name=CentOS-7.6-x86_64
9. 编写相关配置
kickstarts 配置文件自带很多，不过一般都是根据需求定制的
9.1 kickstarts 配置文件
ls /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/
9.2 这里就简单演示一下
cat >/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/CentOS-7.6-x86_64.cfg <<'EOF' #platform=x86, AMD64, or Intel EM64T #version=DEVEL # Install OS instead of upgrade install # Keyboard layouts keyboard 'us' # Root password rootpw --iscrypted $1$m1pE0DG6$vALBphGGynqvUzfJaWZ6U1 # Use network installation url --url="$tree" # System language lang en_US # Firewall configuration firewall --disabled # System authorization information auth --useshadow --passalgo=sha512 # Use graphical install graphical firstboot --disable # SELinux configuration selinux --disabled # Network information network --bootproto=dhcp --device=eth0 network --bootproto=dhcp --device=eth1 # Reboot after installation reboot # System timezone timezone Asia/Shanghai # System bootloader configuration bootloader --location=mbr # Clear the Master Boot Record zerombr # Partition clearing information clearpart --all --initlabel # Disk partitioning information part /boot --asprimary --fstype="ext4" --size=200 part swap --fstype="swap" --size=1024 part / --fstype="ext4" --grow --size=1 %packages @base @core @compat-libraries @debugging @development @gnome-desktop @X Window System %end EOF cat /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/CentOS-7.6-x86_64.cfg
9.3 指定相关文件及调整参数
修改安装系统的内核参数，在CentOS7系统有一个地方变了，就是网卡名变成eno xxx这种形式，但是为了运维标准化，我们需要将它变成我们常用的 eth0，因此使用下面的参数。但要注意是CentOS7才需要下面的步骤，CentOS6 不需要。
cobbler profile edit --name=CentOS-7.6-x86_64 \ --kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/CentOS-7.6-x86_64.cfg cobbler profile edit --name=CentOS-7.6-x86_64 \ --kopts='net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0' cobbler profile report|sed -n '9,11p'
9.4 测试有无语法错误
cobbler validateks
9.5 进行 cobbler 同步
cobbler sync
9.6 重启服务端相关服务
systemctl restart xinetd.service systemctl restart cobblerd.service systemctl restart httpd.service