Python 2.7 super() error [duplicate]

Question

This question already has an answer here:

• super() fails with error: TypeError “argument 1 must be type, not classobj” when parent does not inherit from object 4 answers

Trying to create Tkinter window using super(). I get this error:

super(Application, self)._init_(master) TypeError: must be type, not classobj

Code:

import Tkinter as tk

class Application(tk.Frame):

    def __init__(self, master):
        super(Application, self).__init__(master)
        self.grid()


def main():
    root = tk.Tk()
    root.geometry('200x150')
    app = Application(root)

    root.mainloop()


main()

Answer 1

Tkinter uses old-style classes. super() can only be used with new-style classes.

Answer 2

While it is true that Tkinter uses old-style classes, this limitation can be overcome by additionally deriving the subclass Application from object (using Python multiple inheritance):

import Tkinter as tk

class Application(tk.Frame, object):

    def __init__(self, master):
        super(Application, self).__init__(master)
        self.grid()

def main():
    root = tk.Tk()
    root.geometry('200x150')
    app = Application(root)

    root.mainloop()

main()

This will work so long as the Tkinter class doesn't attempt any behaviour which requires being an old-style class to work (which I highly doubt it would). I tested the example above with Python 2.7.7 without any issues.

This work around was suggested here. This behaviour is also included by default in Python 3 (referenced in link).