For example, the accumulator is named EAX and, while the instruction pointer is called IP. I also know that there are bytes called CL and DH. I know there must be a convention to all of the names, but what is it?
The C and the D are numbers/types and H for high and L for low parts of the higher register. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X86
Wikipedia explains it very well.
More from the Wikipedia:
- AX/EAX/RAX: accumulator
- BX/EBX/RBX: base
- CX/ECX/RCX: counter
- DX/EDX/RDX: data/general
* EAX - Accumulator Register
* EBX - Base Register
* ECX - Counter Register
* EDX - Data Register
* ESI - Source Index
* EDI - Destination Index
* EBP - Base Pointer
* ESP - Stack Pointer
It's history. The x86 came from the 8086, which came from the 8080, which came from the 8008, which came from the 4004. There were 16-bit registers AX, BX, etc. and for the 80386 they got "extended" to 32 bits.
Added: BTW the Motorola 68K had 32-bit registers from the start, so it was much easier to program for the first couple decades. I worked on projects where Intel was chosen for business reasons, not technical.
Some good answers here: x86 assembly registers — Why do they work the way they do?
older processors have accumulators named A, B, etc (alphabeticaly orderd). When 16 and 32 bits accumulators were developed, engineers added an X (extended). So its all about history, as the language C is called this way becouse it was developed from B language (Bell labs).
The convention is only internal, to keep up with the names they are alredy familiar with.
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/892928/why-are-x86-registers-named-the-way-they-are