Splitting path strings into drive, path and file name parts

问题

I am new to python and coding in general. I am trying to read from a text file which has path names on each line. I would like to read the text file line by line and split the line strings into drive, path and file name.

Here is my code thus far:

import os,sys, arcpy

## Open the file with read only permit
f = open('C:/Users/visc/scratch/scratch_child/test.txt')

for line in f:
    (drive,path,file) = os.path.split(line)

    print line.strip()
    #arcpy.AddMessage (line.strip())
    print('Drive is %s Path is %s and file is %s' % (drive, path, file))

I get the following error:

File "C:/Users/visc/scratch/simple.py", line 14, in <module>
    (drive,path,file) = os.path.split(line)
ValueError: need more than 2 values to unpack

I do not receive this error when I only want the path and file name.

回答1:

You need to use os.path.splitdrive first:

with open('C:/Users/visc/scratch/scratch_child/test.txt') as f:
    for line in f:
        drive, path = os.path.splitdrive(line)
        path, filename = os.path.split(path)
        print('Drive is %s Path is %s and file is %s' % (drive, path, filename))

Notes:

• the with statement makes sure the file is closed at the end of the block (files also get closed when the garbage collector eats them, but using with is generally good practice
• you don't need the brackets - os.path.splitdrive(path) returns a tuple, and this will get automatically unpacked
• file is the name of a class in the standard namespace and you should probably not overwrite it :)

回答2:

You can use os.path.splitdrive() to get the drive and then path.split() the remainder.

## Open the file with read only permit
f = open('C:/Users/visc/scratch/scratch_child/test.txt')

for line in f:
    (drive, path) = os.path.splitdrive(line)
    (path, file)  = os.path.split(path)

    print line.strip()
    print('Drive is %s Path is %s and file is %s' % (drive, path, file))

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/10507298/splitting-path-strings-into-drive-path-and-file-name-parts