Jquery $() - what does it return, and what is $()[0]?

问题

I'm looking at an example of how to use jqGrid, which is a jQuery plugin.

It's drawing a grid in a div with an id of 'list'.

It creates the grid with $('#list').jqGrid(...).

But it populates the grid with $('#list')[0].addJSONData(...).

I've been looking around the web for tutorials on jQuery, trying to understand the difference, and I've found nothing that addresses what is - to me - the most fundamental question in using it.

What does $() return? Does it return a jquery object that contains a DOM element? Does it return a jquery object that contains an array of DOM elements? Does it return a DOM element to which additional jQuery functions have been added?

And what then, is $()[0]? If $() returned a jQuery object that contained an array of DOM elements, I'd expect it to be the div with the id 'list', but addJSONData isn't a DOM method, it's a jqGrid method. Does jqGrid add that method to all of the DOM elements in the array?

===== ADDED ======

If $() returns a jquery object that contains an arrray of DOM objects, why does $()[0] refer to an object that contains an addJSONData method? addJSONData is not a DOM method, it's a jqGrid method.

回答1:

$() returns a collection of elements based on the selector. So $('.help') would return all elements with a class of .help. $('.help')[0] would give you the first element.

回答2:

$() is a jquery selector, it takes css expression and turn it into jQuery object, $ is actually a shorthand of jQuery, i.e. jQuery() and $() are the same.

$()[0] simply takes the non jQuery object, so if you do $('#someId')[0], it's the same as getElementById('someId');

回答3:

$() is an alias for the jQuery() function. It returns a jQuery object and and elements that match the provided selector. If matched elements were found, $()[0] would give you the first DOM element.

See the jQuery documentation for a full explanation.

回答4:

The jQuery object, when used with a selector, returns an array of DOM elements. In this case, $('#list') represents an array (with one slot, since this is an ID) of items that match the ID '#list'.

回答5:

$() returns a jQuery object that contains a set of matched elements. Indexing into the jQuery object via $()[0] returns the first matched DOM object.

var docWrappedInJQuery = $('document');
var bareDoc = $('document')[0];
assert((document === docWrappedInJQuery) === false);
assert((document === bareDoc) === true);

回答6:

$() is the same as calling jQuery(). Documentation is here: http://api.jquery.com/jQuery/

Keep in mind calling $(function() { }) is a shortcut to calling $(document).ready(function() { });

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4348593/jquery-what-does-it-return-and-what-is-0

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