Bold part of String | 易学教程

问题

What is the best way to bold a part of string in Javascript?

I have an array of objects. Each object has a name. There is also an input parameter.

If, for example, you write "sa" in input, it automatically searches in array looking for objects with names that contain "sa" string.

When I print all the names, I want to bold the part of the name that coincide with the input text.

For example, if I search for "Ma":

Maria
Amaria
etc...

I need a solution that doesn't use jQuery. Help is appreciated.

PD: The final strings are in the

tag. I create a list using angular ng-repeat.

This is the code:

$scope.users = data;
                for (var i = data.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
                  data[i].name=data[i].name.replace($scope.modelCiudad,"<b>"+$scope.modelCiudad+"</b>");
                };

ModelCiudad is the input text content var. And data is the array of objects.

In this code if for example ModelCiudad is "ma" the result of each

is:

<b>Ma</b>ria

not Maria

回答1:

You can use Javascript's str.replace() method, where str is equal to all of the text you want to search through.

var str = "Hello";
var substr = "el";
str.replace(substr, '<b>' + substr + '</b>');

The above will only replace the first instance of substr. If you want to handle replacing multiple substrings within a string, you have to use a regular expression with the g modifier.

function boldString(str, substr) {
  var strRegExp = new RegExp(substr, 'g');
  return str.replace(strRegExp, '<b>'+substr+'</b>');
}

In practice calling boldString would looks something like:

boldString("Hello, can you help me?", "el")`; 
// Returns: H<b>el</b>lo can you h<b>el</b>p me?

Which when rendered by the browser will look something like: Hello can you help me?

Here is a JSFiddle with an example: https://jsfiddle.net/1rennp8r/3/

A concise ES6 solution could look something like this:

const boldString = (str, substr) => str.replace(RegExp(substr, 'g'), `<b>${substr}</b>`);

Where s is the string you want to modify, and b is the substring to bold.

ES12 introduces a new string method str.replaceAll() which obviates the need for regex if replacing all occurrences at once. It's usage in this case would look something like this:

const boldString = (str, substr) => str.replaceAll(substr, `<b>${substr}</b>`);

I should mention that in order for these latter approaches to work, your environment must support ES6/ES12 (or use a tool like Babel to transpile).

Another important note is that all of these approaches are case sensitive.

回答2:

Here's a pure JS solution that preserves the original case (ignoring the case of the query thus):

const boldQuery = (str, query) => {
    const n = str.toUpperCase();
    const q = query.toUpperCase();
    const x = n.indexOf(q);
    if (!q || x === -1) {
        return str; // bail early
    }
    const l = q.length;
    return str.substr(0, x) + '<b>' + str.substr(x, l) + '</b>' + str.substr(x + l);
}

Test:

boldQuery('Maria', 'mar'); // "<b>Mar</b>ia"
boldQuery('Almaria', 'Mar'); // "Al<b>mar</b>ia"

回答3:

I ran into a similar problem today - except I wanted to match whole words and not substrings. so if const text = 'The quick brown foxes jumped' and const word = 'foxes' than I want the result to be 'The quick brown <strong>foxes</strong> jumped'; however if const word = 'fox', than I expect no change.

I ended up doing something similar to the following:

const pattern = `(\\s|\\b)(${word})(\\s|\\b)`;
const regexp = new RegExp(pattern, 'ig'); // ignore case (optional) and match all
const replaceMask = `$1<strong>$2</strong>$3`;

return text.replace(regexp, replaceMask);

First I get the exact word which is either before/after some whitespace or a word boundary, and then I replace it with the same whitespace (if any) and word, except the word is wrapped in a <strong> tag.

回答4:

Here is a version I came up with if you want to style words or individual characters at their index in react/javascript.

replaceAt( yourArrayOfIndexes, yourString/orArrayOfStrings )

Working example: https://codesandbox.io/s/ov7zxp9mjq

function replaceAt(indexArray, [...string]) {
    const replaceValue = i => string[i] = <b>{string[i]}</b>;
    indexArray.forEach(replaceValue);
    return string;
}

And here is another alternate method

function replaceAt(indexArray, [...string]) {
    const startTag = '<b>';
    const endTag = '</b>';
    const tagLetter = i => string.splice(i, 1, startTag + string[i] + endTag);
    indexArray.forEach(tagLetter);
    return string.join('');
}

And another...

function replaceAt(indexArray, [...string]) {
    for (let i = 0; i < indexArray.length; i++) {
        string = Object.assign(string, {
          [indexArray[i]]: <b>{string[indexArray[i]]}</b>
        });
    }
    return string;
}

回答5:

Here is my answer. It replaces all matches, keeps the original case, and bolds it in the substring:

// find = text you want to bold
// str = text you want to apply the bolding to

// incase string contains regex characters
const regex = new RegExp(`(?<!<b>)${find.replace(/([.?*+^$[\]\\(){}|-])/g, "\\$1")}(?!<\\/b>)`,'gi');

let match = regex.exec(str);
while(match != null){
    str= value.replace(match[0],`<b>${match}</b>`)
    match = regex.exec(str);
}

// if using React use it as such
<span dangerouslySetInnerHTML={{ __html: str }} />

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/29896907/bold-part-of-string

标签

javascript

angularjs

string