问题
The problem
I found that ~True is -2 & ~False is -1 using my Jupyter Notebook.
This source says that ~ invertes all the bits. Why isn't ~True is False and ~False is True?
Reasoning attempts
My attempt to explain these:
True is +1, and the bits of +1 are inverted. + is inverted to -.
1 in two-digit binary is 01, so inverted bits: 10, ie 2. So result is -2.
False is +0, + is inverted to -, 0 in two-digit binary is 00, all the bits inverted, 11, which is 3 - it should be 1.
Sources
This answer points a more complicated picture:
A list full of Trues only contains 4- or 8-byte references to the one canonical True object.
This source says:
bool: Boolean (true/false) types. Supported precisions: 8 (default) bits.
These don't support the simplistic (and apparently wrong) reasoning above.
The question
What is the proper explanation for ~True being -2 & ~False being -1 then?
回答1:
First of all, I'd use the not operator to invert Boolean values (not True == False, and vice versa). Now if Booleans are stored as 8-bit integers, the following happens:
True is 0000 0001. Hence ~True yields 1111 1110, which is -2 in two's-complement representation.
False is 0000 0000. Hence ~False yields 1111 1111, which is -1.
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/63484690/effect-of-tilde-on-booleans-why-true-is-2-false-is-1-in-python