Using “apt-get install xxx” inside Python script

问题

currently I need to install some package using apt or rpm, according the OS. I saw the lib "apt" to update or upgrade the system, but it is possible use it to install a single package?

I was trying to use too "subprocess":

subprocess.Popen('apt-get install -y filetoinstall', shell=True, stdin=None, stdout=None, stderr=None, executable="/bin/bash")

But this command shows all process in the shell, I cannot hide it.

Thank you for your help.

回答1:

You can use check_call from the subprocess library.

from subprocess import STDOUT, check_call
import os
check_call(['apt-get', 'install', '-y', 'filetoinstall'],
     stdout=open(os.devnull,'wb'), stderr=STDOUT) 

Dump the stdout to /dev/null, or os.devnull in this case.

os.devnull is platform independent, and will return /dev/null on POSIX and nul on Windows (which is not relevant since you're using apt-get but, still good to know :) )

回答2:

Thank guys ! I use part of each solution. My code:

proc = subprocess.Popen('apt-get install -y FILE', shell=True, stdin=None, stdout=open(os.devnull,"wb"), stderr=STDOUT, executable="/bin/bash")
proc.wait()

Added: stdout and .wait

Thank you one more time from Argentina !

回答3:

For this particular task, as an alternative to subprocess you might consider using Fabric, a python deployment tool to automate builds.

回答4:

Use this to redirect the output to /dev/null:

proc = subprocess.Popen('apt-get install -y filetoinstall', shell=True, stdin=None, stdout=open("/dev/null", "w"), stderr=None, executable="/bin/bash")
proc.wait()

The call to .wait() will block until the apt-get is complete.

回答5:

This is meant as an addition to Russell Dias's accepted answer. This adds a try and except block to output actionable error information rather than just stating there was an error.

from subprocess import check_call, CalledProcessError
import os
try:
    check_call(['apt-get', 'install', '-y', 'filetoinstall'], stdout=open(os.devnull,'wb'))
except CalledProcessError as e:
    print(e.output)

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/8481943/using-apt-get-install-xxx-inside-python-script