Python: json.loads chokes on escapes

问题

I have an application that is sending a JSON object (formatted with Prototype) to an ASP server. On the server, the Python 2.6 "json" module tries to loads() the JSON, but it's choking on some combination of backslashes. Observe:

>>> s
'{"FileExists": true, "Version": "4.3.2.1", "Path": "\\\\host\\dir\\file.exe"}'

>>> tmp = json.loads(s)
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<interactive input>", line 1, in <module>
  {... blah blah blah...}
  File "C:\Python26\lib\json\decoder.py", line 155, in JSONString
    return scanstring(match.string, match.end(), encoding, strict)
  ValueError: Invalid \escape: line 1 column 58 (char 58)

>>> s[55:60]
u'ost\\d'

So column 58 is the escaped-backslash. I thought this WAS properly escaped! UNC is \\host\dir\file.exe, so I just doubled up on slashes. But apparently this is no good. Can someone assist? As a last resort I'm considering converting the \ to / and then back again, but this seems like a real hack to me.

Thanks in advance!

回答1:

The correct json is:

r'{"FileExists": true, "Version": "4.3.2.1", "Path": "\\\\host\\dir\\file.exe"}'

Note the letter r if you omit it you need to escape \ for Python too.

>>> import json
>>> d = json.loads(s)
>>> d.keys()
[u'FileExists', u'Path', u'Version']
>>> d.values()
[True, u'\\\\host\\dir\\file.exe', u'4.3.2.1']

Note the difference:

>>> repr(d[u'Path'])
"u'\\\\\\\\host\\\\dir\\\\file.exe'"
>>> str(d[u'Path'])
'\\\\host\\dir\\file.exe'
>>> print d[u'Path']
\\host\dir\file.exe

Python REPL prints by default the repr(obj) for an object obj:

>>> class A:
...   __str__ = lambda self: "str"
...   __repr__  = lambda self: "repr"
... 
>>> A()
repr
>>> print A()
str

Therefore your original s string is not properly escaped for JSON. It contains unescaped '\d' and '\f'. print s must show '\\d' otherwise it is not correct JSON.

NOTE: JSON string is a collection of zero or more Unicode characters, wrapped in double quotes, using backslash escapes (json.org). I've skipped encoding issues (namely, transformation from byte strings to unicode and vice versa) in the above examples.

回答2:

Since the exception gives you the index of the offending escape character, this little hack I developed might be nice :)

def fix_JSON(json_message=None):
    result = None
    try:        
        result = json.loads(json_message)
    except Exception as e:      
        # Find the offending character index:
        idx_to_replace = int(e.message.split(' ')[-1].replace(')',''))      
        # Remove the offending character:
        json_message = list(json_message)
        json_message[idx_to_replace] = ' '
        new_message = ''.join(json_message)     
        return fix_JSON(json_message=new_message)
    return result

回答3:

>>> s
'{"FileExists": true, "Version": "4.3.2.1", "Path": "\\\\host\\dir\\file.exe"}'
>>> print s
{"FileExists": true, "Version": "4.3.2.1", "Path": "\\host\dir\file.exe"}

You've not actually escaped the string, so it's trying to parse invalid escape codes like \d or \f. Consider using a well-tested JSON encoder, such as json2.js.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1505454/python-json-loads-chokes-on-escapes

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python

json

escaping