How to create a unique slug in Django

问题

I am trying to create a unique slug in Django so that I can access a post via a url like this: http://www.example.com/buy-a-new-bike_Boston-MA-02111_2

The relevant models:

class ZipCode(models.Model):
    zipcode = models.CharField(max_length=5)
    city = models.CharField(max_length=64)
    statecode = models.CharField(max_length=32)

class Need(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField(max_length=50)
    us_zip = models.CharField(max_length=5)
    slug = ?????

    def get_city():
        zip = ZipCode.objects.get(zipcode=self.us_zip)
        city = "%s, %s %s" % (zip.city, zip.statecode, zip.zipcode)
        return city

A sample ZipCode record:

zipcode = "02111"
city = "Boston"
statecode = "MA"

A sample Need record:

title = "buy a new bike"
us_zip = "02111"
slug = "buy-a-new-bike_Boston-MA-02111_2" (desired)

Any tips as to how to create this unique slug? Its composition is:

Need.title + "_" + Need.get_city() + "_" + an optional incrementing integer to make it unique. All spaces should be replaced with "-".

NOTE: My desired slug above assumes that the slug "buy-a-new-bike_Boston-MA-02111" already exists, which is what it has the "_2" appended to it to make it unique.

I've tried django-extensions, but it seems that it can only take a field or tuple of fields to construct the unique slug. I need to pass in the get_city() function as well as the "_" connector between the title and city. Anyone solved this and willing to share?

Thank you!

UPDATE

I'm already using django-extensions for its UUIDField, so it would be nice if it could also be usable for its AutoSlugField!

回答1:

I use this snippet for generating unique slug and my typical save method look like below

slug will be Django SlugField with blank=True but enforce slug in save method.

typical save method for Need model might look below

def save(self, **kwargs):
    slug_str = "%s %s" % (self.title, self.us_zip) 
    unique_slugify(self, slug_str) 
    super(Need, self).save(**kwargs)

and this will generate slug like buy-a-new-bike_Boston-MA-02111 , buy-a-new-bike_Boston-MA-02111-1 and so on. Output might be little different but you can always go through snippet and customize to your needs.

回答2:

My little code:

def save(self, *args, **kwargs):
    strtime = "".join(str(time()).split("."))
    string = "%s-%s" % (strtime[7:], self.title)
    self.slug = slugify(string)
    super(Need, self).save()

回答3:

If you are thinking of using an app to do it for you, here is one.

https://github.com/un33k/django-uuslug

UUSlug = (``U``nique + ``U``code Slug)


Unicode Test Example
=====================
from uuslug import uuslug as slugify

s = "This is a test ---"
r = slugify(s)
self.assertEquals(r, "this-is-a-test")

s = 'C\'est déjà l\'été.'
r = slugify(s)
self.assertEquals(r, "c-est-deja-l-ete")

s = 'Nín hǎo. Wǒ shì zhōng guó rén'
r = slugify(s)
self.assertEquals(r, "nin-hao-wo-shi-zhong-guo-ren")

s = '影師嗎'
r = slugify(s)
self.assertEquals(r, "ying-shi-ma")


Uniqueness Test Example
=======================
Override your objects save method with something like this (models.py)

from django.db import models
from uuslug import uuslug as slugify

class CoolSlug(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    slug = models.CharField(max_length=200)

    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.name

    def save(self, *args, **kwargs):
        self.slug = slugify(self.name, instance=self)
        super(CoolSlug, self).save(*args, **kwargs)

Test:
=====

name = "john"
c = CoolSlug.objects.create(name=name)
c.save()
self.assertEquals(c.slug, name) # slug = "john"

c1 = CoolSlug.objects.create(name=name)
c1.save()
self.assertEquals(c1.slug, name+"-1") # slug = "john-1"

回答4:

This is a simple implementation that generate the slug from the title, it doesn't depend on other snippets:

from django.template.defaultfilters import slugify

class Article(models.Model):
    ...
    def save(self, **kwargs):
        if not self.slug:
            slug = slugify(self.title)
            while True:
                try:
                    article = Article.objects.get(slug=slug)
                    if article == self:
                        self.slug = slug
                        break
                    else:
                        slug = slug + '-'
                except:
                    self.slug = slug
                    break

        super(Article, self).save()

回答5:

Django provides a SlugField model field to make this easier for you. Here's an example of it in a "blog" app's

class Post(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    content = models.TextField(blank=True)

    slug = models.SlugField(unique=True)

    @models.permalink
    def get_absolute_url(self):
        return 'blog:post', (self.slug,)

Note that we've set unique=True for our slug field — in this project we will be looking up posts by their slug, so we need to ensure they are unique. Here's what our application's views.py might look like to do this:

from .models import Post

def post(request, slug):
    post = get_object_or_404(Post, slug=slug)

    return render(request, 'blog/post.html', {
        'post': post,
    })

回答6:

Hi can you tried this function

class Training(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField(max_length=250)
    text = models.TextField()
    created_date = models.DateTimeField(
    auto_now_add=True, editable=False, )
    slug = models.SlugField(unique=True, editable=False, max_length=250)

    def __unicode__(self):
       return self.title

    def save(self, *args, **kwargs):
       self.slug =get_unique_slug(self.id,self.title,Training.objects)
       return super(Training, self).save(*args, **kwargs)

def get_unique_slug(id,title,obj):
    slug = slugify(title.replace('ı', 'i'))
    unique_slug = slug
    counter = 1
    while obj.filter(slug=unique_slug).exists():
       if(obj.filter(slug=unique_slug).values('id')[0]['id']==id):
           break
       unique_slug = '{}-{}'.format(slug, counter)
       counter += 1
    return unique_slug

回答7:

from django.utils.text import slugify Helps a lot and has quite clear Concepts. Here one example on How to auto-generate slug by using from django.utils.text import slugify

utils.py

from django.utils.text import slugify
import random
import string

# Random string generator
def random_string_generator(size=10, chars=string.ascii_lowercase + string.digits):
    return ''.join(random.choice(chars) for _ in range(size))

# Unique Slug Generator 
def unique_slug_generator(instance, new_slug=None):
    """
    It assumes your instance has a model with a slug field and a title character (char) field.
    """
    if new_slug is not None:
        slug = new_slug  
    else:
        slug = slugify(instance.title)  

    Klass = instance.__class__

    qs_exists = Klass.objects.filter(slug=slug).exists()

    if qs_exists:
        new_slug = "{slug}-{randstr}".format(slug=slug, randstr=random_string_generator(size=4))
        return unique_slug_generator(instance, new_slug=new_slug)
    return slug

models.py

from django.db.models.signals import pre_save # Signals
# import the unique_slug_generator from .utils.py 
from .utils import unique_slug_generator

class Product(models.Model):
    title  = models.CharField(max_length=120)
    # set blank to True
    slug  = models.SlugField(blank=True, unique=True)

def product_pre_save_receiver(sender, instance, *args, **kwargs):
    if not instance.slug:
        instance.slug = unique_slug_generator(instance)


pre_save.connect(product_pre_save_receiver, sender=Product)

Django documentation explains Django.utils.text import slugify to generate slug automatically. You can read more detail here

After implementing the code, while creating product, you may leave the slug field blank, which will be further aquired with auto generated slug for the product which will be unique in this case.

回答8:

class Need(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField(max_length=50)
    us_zip = models.CharField(max_length=5)
    slug = models.SlugField(unique=True)

    def save(self, **kwargs):
        slug_str = "%s %s" % (self.title, self.us_zip) 
        super(Need, self).save()

回答9:

Try this, worked out for me,welcome in advance:

class Parcel(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField(max_length-255)
    slug = models.SlugField(unique=True, max_length=255)
    weight = models.IntegerField()
    description = models.CharField(max_length=255)
    destination = models.CharField(max_length=255)
    origin = models.CharField(max_length=255)

    def __str__(self):
        return self.description

    def save(self, *args, **kwargs):
        if not self.slug:
            t_slug = slugify(self.title)
            startpoint = 1
            unique_slug = t_slug
            while Parcel.objects.filter(slug=unique_slug).exists():
                unique_slug = '{} {}'.format(t_slug, origin)
                origin += 1
            self.slug = unique_slug
        super().save(*args, **kwargs)

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3816307/how-to-create-a-unique-slug-in-django

标签

django

django-models

slug