In python is there a way to check if a function is a “generator function” before calling it?

问题

Lets say I have two functions:

def foo():
  return 'foo'

def bar():
  yield 'bar'

The first one is a normal function, and the second is a generator function. Now I want to write something like this:

def run(func):
  if is_generator_function(func):
     gen = func()
     gen.next()
     #... run the generator ...
  else:
     func()

What will a straightforward implementation of is_generator_function() look like? Using the types package I can test if gen is a generator, but I wish to do so before invoking func().

Now consider the following case:

def goo():
  if False:
     yield
  else:
     return

An invocation of goo() will return a generator. I presume that the python parser knows that the goo() function has a yield statement, and I wonder if it possible to get that information easily.

Thanks!

回答1:

>>> import inspect
>>> 
>>> def foo():
...   return 'foo'
... 
>>> def bar():
...   yield 'bar'
... 
>>> print inspect.isgeneratorfunction(foo)
False
>>> print inspect.isgeneratorfunction(bar)
True

New in Python version 2.6

回答2:

Actually, I'm wondering just how useful such a hypothetical is_generator_function() would be really. Consider:

def foo():
    return 'foo'
def bar():
    yield 'bar'
def baz():
    return bar()
def quux(b):
    if b:
        return foo()
    else:
        return bar()

What should is_generator_function() return for baz and quux? baz() returns a generator but isn't one itself, and quux() might return a generator or might not.

回答3:

>>> def foo():
...   return 'foo'
... 
>>> def bar():
...   yield 'bar'
... 
>>> import dis
>>> dis.dis(foo)
  2           0 LOAD_CONST               1 ('foo')
              3 RETURN_VALUE        
>>> dis.dis(bar)
  2           0 LOAD_CONST               1 ('bar')
              3 YIELD_VALUE         
              4 POP_TOP             
              5 LOAD_CONST               0 (None)
              8 RETURN_VALUE        
>>>

As you see, the key difference is that the bytecode for bar will contain at least one YIELD_VALUE opcode. I recommend using the dis module (redirecting its output to a StringIO instance and checking its getvalue, of course) because this provides you a measure of robustness over bytecode changes -- the exact numeric values of the opcodes will change, but the disassembled symbolic value will stay pretty stable;-).

回答4:

I've implemented a decorator that hooks on the decorated function returned/yielded value. Its basic goes:

import types
def output(notifier):
    def decorator(f):
        def wrapped(*args, **kwargs):
            r = f(*args, **kwargs)
            if type(r) is types.GeneratorType:
                for item in r:
                    # do something
                    yield item
            else:
                # do something
                return r
    return decorator

It works because the decorator function is unconditionnaly called: it is the return value that is tested.

EDIT: Following the comment by Robert Lujo, I ended up with something like:

def middleman(f):
    def return_result(r):
        return r
    def yield_result(r):
        for i in r:
            yield i
    def decorator(*a, **kwa):
        if inspect.isgeneratorfunction(f):
            return yield_result(f(*a, **kwa))
        else:
            return return_result(f(*a, **kwa))
    return decorator

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1871685/in-python-is-there-a-way-to-check-if-a-function-is-a-generator-function-before

标签

python

function

generator

coroutine