PO设计模式-实现移动端自动化测试

开发环境：python 3.6.5 + selenium 2.48.0 + pytest框架 + Android 5.1

工具：pycharm + Appium + Genymotion

测试机型：Samsung Galaxy S6

#需求：设计3个测试用例
#1.实现点击设置->显示->放大镜（查找）->输入内容->点击返回按钮 #2.实现点击设置->更多->移动网络->首选网络类型->2G #3.实现点击设置->更多->移动网络->首选网络类型->3G

以下是PO模式设计文件目录

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实现设计模式前：

```

import time
from appium import webdriver


class TestSetting:

    def setup(self): # server 启动参数 desired_caps = {} # 设备信息 desired_caps['platformName'] = 'Android' desired_caps['platformVersion'] = '5.1' desired_caps['deviceName'] = '192.168.56.101:5555' # app的信息 desired_caps['appPackage'] = 'com.android.settings' desired_caps['appActivity'] = '.Settings' # 解决输入中文 desired_caps['unicodeKeyboard'] = True desired_caps['resetKeyboard'] = True # 声明我们的driver对象 self.driver = webdriver.Remote('http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub', desired_caps) def test_mobile_network_2g(self): self.driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[contains(@text,'更多')]").click() self.driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[contains(@text,'移动网络')]").click() self.driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[contains(@text,'首选网络类型')]").click() self.driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[contains(@text,'2G')]").click() def test_mobile_network_3g(self): self.driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[contains(@text,'更多')]").click() self.driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[contains(@text,'移动网络')]").click() self.driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[contains(@text,'首选网络类型')]").click() self.driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[contains(@text,'3G')]").click() def test_mobile_display_input(self): self.driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[contains(@text,'显示')]").click() self.driver.find_element_by_id("com.android.settings:id/search").click() self.driver.find_element_by_id("android:id/search_src_text").send_keys("hello") self.driver.find_element_by_class_name("android.widget.ImageButton").click() def teardown(self): self.driver.quit()
···

实现设计模式后：

公共部分抽取在base文件夹

抽取前置配置：

base_driver.py

```

from appium import webdriver

def Testbase(): # server 启动参数 desired_caps = {} desired_caps['platformName'] = 'Android' desired_caps['platformVersion'] = '5.1' desired_caps['deviceName'] = '192.168.56.101:5555' desired_caps['appPackage'] = 'com.android.settings' desired_caps['appActivity'] = '.Settings' desired_caps['unicodeKeyboard'] = True desired_caps['resetKeyboard'] = True # 解决输入中文问题 desired_caps['unicodeKeyboard'] = True desired_caps['resetKeyboard'] = True # 声明driver对象 driver = webdriver.Remote('http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub', desired_caps) return driver
```

抽取公共方法：

base_action.py

```

from selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWait class BaseAction: def __init__(self, driver): self.driver = driver # 显示等待 def find_elements(self, loc, time=10, poll=1): return WebDriverWait(self.driver, time, poll).until(lambda x: x.find_element(loc[0], loc[1])) # 定义一个函数，取按钮的元素 def act_click(self,loc): return self.act_title(loc).click() # 定义一个函数，取输入框的元素 def act_text(self,loc,text): return self.act_title(loc).send_keys(text) def act_title(self, loc): by = loc[0] value = loc[1] return self.driver.find_element(by, value)
```

页面主体部分：

page

测试用例1：

display_page.py

```

from base.base_action import BaseAction
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By class DisplayPage(BaseAction): # 初始化方法 # 显示按钮 see_button = By.XPATH, "//*[contains(@text,'显示')]" # 放大镜按钮 search_button = By.ID, "com.android.settings:id/search" # 放大镜旁边的输入文本 search_edit_text = By.ID, "android:id/search_src_text" # 返回按钮 back_button = By.CLASS_NAME, "android.widget.ImageButton" # # # 定义一个函数，取按钮的元素 # def act_click(self,loc): # return self.driver.find_element(loc[0],loc[1]).click() # # 定义一个函数，取输入框的元素 # def act_text(self,loc,text): # return self.driver.find_element(loc[0],loc[1]).send_keys(text) # def __init__(self, driver): # self.driver = driver # 点击显示 def click_see(self): # self.driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[contains(@text,'显示')]").click() # self.driver.find_element(self.see_button).click() self.act_click(self.see_button) # 点击放大镜 def click_search(self): # self.driver.find_element_by_id("com.android.settings:id/search").click() # self.driver.find_element(self.search_button).click() self.act_click(self.search_button) # 输入文本 def input_text(self, text): # self.driver.find_element_by_id("android:id/search_src_text").send_keys(text) # self.driver.find_element(self.search_edit_text).send_keys(text) self.act_text(self.search_edit_text,text) # 点击返回 def click_back(self): # self.driver.find_element_by_class_name("android.widget.ImageButton").click() # self.driver.find_element(self.back_button).click() self.act_click(self.back_button)
```

测试用例2/3：

network_page.py

from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By from base.base_action import BaseAction class NetworkPage(BaseAction): # 抽离元素 # 更多按钮 more_button = By.XPATH, "//*[contains(@text,'更多')]" # 网络移动按钮 network_button = By.XPATH, "//*[contains(@text,'移动网络')]" #首选网络类型按钮 first_network_button = By.XPATH, "//*[contains(@text,'首选网络类型')]" # 2G选择按钮 button_2g = By.XPATH, "//*[contains(@text,'2G')]" # 3G选择按钮 button_3g = By.XPATH, "//*[contains(@text,'3G')]" # 代码精简方式，提取公共元素 def click_more(self): # self.driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[contains(@text,'更多')]").click() # self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//*[contains(@text,'更多')]").click() self.act_click(self.more_button) def click_network(self): # self.driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[contains(@text,'移动网络')]").click() # self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//*[contains(@text,'移动网络')]").click() self.act_click(self.network_button) def click_first_network(self): # self.driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[contains(@text,'首选网络类型')]").click() # self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//*[contains(@text,'首选网络类型')]").click() self.act_click(self.first_network_button) def mobile_network_2g(self): # self.driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[contains(@text,'2G')]").click() # self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//*[contains(@text,'2G')]").click() self.act_click(self.button_2g) def mobile_network_3g(self): # self.driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[contains(@text,'3G')]").click() # self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//*[contains(@text,'2G')]").click() self.act_click(self.button_3g)

测试用例1的脚本：

test_display.py

# 获取本地地址
import sys, os
sys.path.append(os.getcwd()) from base.base_driver import Testbase from page.display_page import DisplayPage class TestDisplay: def setup(self): self.driver = Testbase() self.display_page = DisplayPage(self.driver) def test_mobile_display_input(self): # 点击显示 self.display_page.click_see() # 点击放大镜 self.display_page.click_search() # 文本输入 self.display_page.input_text("hello") # 点击返回 self.display_page.click_back() def teardown(self): self.driver.quit()

测试用例2/3的脚本：

test_network.py

import os, sys
sys.path.append(os.getcwd()) from page.network_page import NetworkPage from base.base_driver import Testbase class TestNetwork: def setup(self): self.driver = Testbase() self.network_page = NetworkPage(self.driver) self.network_page.click_more() self.network_page.click_network() self.network_page.click_first_network() def test_mobile_network_2g(self): self.network_page.mobile_network_2g() def test_mobile_network_3g(self): # self.network_page.click_more() # self.network_page.click_network() # self.network_page.click_first_network() self.network_page.mobile_network_3g() def teardown(self): self.driver.quit()

pytest框架的执行文件：

pytest.ini

注意：因为文件为ini格式，#不被识别为注释标识，请删掉注释部分

[pytest]
#文件路径，和生成报告
addopts = -s --html=./report/report.html testpaths = ./scripts #执行的文件名 python_files = test_*.py #执行文件里面的类 python_classes = Test* #执行类中的那些方法 python_functions = test_*