Python equivalent for #ifdef DEBUG

问题

In C we write code like

#ifdef DEBUG
printf("Some debug log... This could probably be achieved by python logging.Logger");
/* Do some sanity check code */
assert someCondition
/* More complex sanitycheck */
while(list->next){
assert fooCheck(list)
}

#endif

Is there a way to do this in python?

Edit: I got my answer, and more :) Paolo, Steven Rumbalski and J Sebastian gave me the information I was looking for. Thanks das for the detailed answer, although I'll probably not use a preprocessor right now.

J Sebastian, whose comment got deleted because the answer in which he posted his comment, deleted his answer I think. He said I could use the isEnabledFor() method in Logger to feed a conditional.

Thanks everyone for your inputs. This is my first question. I wish I could accept paolo, or j sebastian's answers. But since those were offered as comments, I'll accept das' answer.

I will probably use either http://nestedinfiniteloops.wordpress.com/2012/01/15/if-debug-python-flavoured/ or Logger.isEnabledFor()

回答1:

What you are looking for is a preprocessor for python. Generally you have three options:

Write a selfmade script/program which replaces parts of your sourcecode based on certain templates before passing the result on to the interpreter (May be difficult)
Use a special purpose python preprocessor like pppp - Poor's Python Pre-Processor
Use a general purpose preprocessor like GPP

I recommend trying pppp first ;)

The main advantage of a preprocessor compared to setting a DEBUG flag and running code if (DEBUG == True) is that conditional checks also cost CPU cycles, so it is better to remove code that does not need to be run (if the python interpreter doesn't do that anyway), instead of skipping it.

回答2:

Use __debug__ in your code:

if __debug__:
    print 'Debug ON'
else:
    print 'Debug OFF'

Create a script abc.py with the above code and then

Run with python -O abc.py
Run with python abc.py

Observe the difference.

回答3:

Mohammad's answer is the right approach: use if __debug__.

In fact, Python completely removes the if statement if the expression is a static constant (such as True, False, None, __debug__, 0, and 0.0), making if __debug__ a compile-time directive rather than a runtime check:

>>> def test():
...     if __debug__:
...         return 'debug'
...     return 'not debug'
...
>>> import dis
>>> dis.dis(test)
  3           0 LOAD_CONST               1 ('debug')
              2 RETURN_VALUE

The -O option is explained in detail in the python documentation for command line options, and there is similar optimization for assert statements.

So don't use an external preprocessor—for this purpose, you have one built in!

回答4:

If you are looking for assertions in Python, assert is an actual valid python statement. http://docs.python.org/2/reference/simple_stmts.html#assert

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/13352677/python-equivalent-for-ifdef-debug

标签

python

debugging