一、恢复数据库实践
1、利用source命令恢复数据库
进入mysql数据库控制台，mysql -uroot -p登录后
mysql>use 数据库
然后使用source命令，后面参数为脚本文件（如这里用到的 .sql）
mysql>source oldboy_db.sql #这个文件是系统路径，默认是登陆mysql前的系统路径
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -pdubin
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 75
Server version: 5.5.32-log Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| oldboy |
| oldboy_gbk |
| oldboy_utf8 |
| performance_schema |
+--------------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> drop database oldboy;
Query OK, 4 rows affected (7.34 sec)
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| oldboy_gbk |
| oldboy_utf8 |
| performance_schema |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> system ls /opt
all_bak.sql.gz mysql_bak_B_compact.sql mysql_bak.sql.gz oldboy_bak1.sql oldboy.sql.gz
a.sql.gz mysql_bak_B.sql mysqlbin_oldboy.000001 oldboy_bak.sql oldboy_utf8.sql.gz
bak mysql_bak.sql mysql.sql.gz oldboy_gbk.sql.gz table.sql
mysql> source /opt/mysql_bak_B.sql
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
…………
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| oldboy |
| oldboy_gbk |
| oldboy_utf8 |
| performance_schema |
+--------------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select *from oldboy.test;
+----+---------+
| id | name |
+----+---------+
| 1 | oldboy |
| 2 | oldgirl |
| 3 | inca |
| 4 | zuma |
| 5 | kaka |
+----+---------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
2、利用mysql命令恢复（标准）
问题：分库分表备份的数据如何快速恢复呢？
还是通过脚本指定的库和表，调用mysql命令恢复。
[root@localhost ~]# cd /opt/
[root@localhost opt]# ll bak/
总用量 156
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 144569 9月 21 12:12 mysql.sql.gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 534 9月 21 12:12 oldboy_gbk.sql.gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1370 9月 21 12:12 oldboy.sql.gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 533 9月 21 12:12 oldboy_utf8.sql.gz
[root@localhost opt]# mysql -uroot -pdubin
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 77
Server version: 5.5.32-log Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| oldboy |
| oldboy_gbk |
| oldboy_utf8 |
| performance_schema |
+--------------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> drop database oldboy;
Query OK, 4 rows affected (0.12 sec)
mysql> drop database mysql;
Query OK, 24 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.14 sec)
mysql> drop database oldboy_gbk;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.00 sec)
mysql> drop database oldboy_utf8;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.00 sec)
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| performance_schema |
+--------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> quit
Bye
[root@localhost opt]# cd bak/
[root@localhost bak]# ll
总用量 156
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 144569 9月 21 12:12 mysql.sql.gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 534 9月 21 12:12 oldboy_gbk.sql.gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1370 9月 21 12:12 oldboy.sql.gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 533 9月 21 12:12 oldboy_utf8.sql.gz
[root@localhost bak]# ls *.gz|awk -F "_" '{print $1}'
mysql.sql.gz
oldboy
oldboy.sql.gz
oldboy
[root@localhost bak]# ls *.gz|awk -F "." '{print $1}' #得到数据库名
mysql
oldboy_gbk
oldboy
oldboy_utf8
[root@localhost bak]#
[root@localhost bak]# gzip -d * #解压数据库
[root@localhost bak]# ls *.sql|awk -F "." '{print $1}'
mysql
oldboy_gbk
oldboy
oldboy_utf8
[root@localhost bak]# for dbname in `ls *.sql|awk -F "." '{print $1}'`; do mysql -uroot -pdubin < ${dbname}.sql;done #脚本批量恢复
[root@localhost bak]# mysql -uroot -pdubin -e "show databases;"
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| oldboy |
| oldboy_gbk |
| oldboy_utf8 |
| performance_schema |
+--------------------+
来源：oschina
链接：https://my.oschina.net/u/4338312/blog/3376831