ValueError: ndarray is not C-contiguous in cython

问题

I have written the following function in cython to estimate the log-likelihood

@cython.boundscheck(False)
@cython.wraparound(False)
def likelihood(double m,
               double c,
               np.ndarray[np.double_t, ndim=1, mode='c'] r_mpc not None,
               np.ndarray[np.double_t, ndim=1, mode='c'] gtan not None,
               np.ndarray[np.double_t, ndim=1, mode='c'] gcrs not None,
               np.ndarray[np.double_t, ndim=1, mode='c'] shear_err not None,
               np.ndarray[np.double_t, ndim=1, mode='c'] beta not None,
               double rho_c,
               np.ndarray[np.double_t, ndim=1, mode='c'] rho_c_sigma not None):
    cdef double rscale = rscaleConstM(m, c,rho_c, 200)

    cdef Py_ssize_t ngals = r_mpc.shape[0]

    cdef np.ndarray[DTYPE_T, ndim=1, mode='c'] gamma_inf = Sh(r_mpc, c, rscale, rho_c_sigma)
    cdef np.ndarray[DTYPE_T, ndim=1, mode='c'] kappa_inf = Kap(r_mpc, c, rscale, rho_c_sigma)


    cdef double delta = 0.
    cdef double modelg = 0.
    cdef double modsig = 0.

    cdef Py_ssize_t i
    cdef DTYPE_T logProb = 0.


    #calculate logprob
    for i from ngals > i >= 0:

        modelg = (beta[i]*gamma_inf[i] / (1 - beta[i]*kappa_inf[i]))

        delta = gtan[i] - modelg

        modsig = shear_err[i]

        logProb = logProb -.5*(delta/modsig)**2  - logsqrt2pi - log(modsig)


    return logProb

but when I run the compiled version of this function, I get the following error message:

  File "Tools.pyx", line 3, in Tools.likelihood 
    def likelihood(double m,
ValueError: ndarray is not C-contiguous

I could not quite understand why this problem occurs??!!! I will appreciate to get any useful tips.

回答1:

Just before you get the error, try printing the flags attribute of the numpy array(s) you're passing to likelihood. You'll probably see something like:

In [2]: foo.flags
Out[2]: 
  C_CONTIGUOUS : False
  F_CONTIGUOUS : True
  OWNDATA : True
  WRITEABLE : True
  ALIGNED : True
  UPDATEIFCOPY : False

Note where it says C_CONTIGUOUS : False, because that's the issue. To fix it, simply convert it to C-order:

In [6]: foo = foo.copy(order='C')

In [7]: foo.flags
Out[7]: 
  C_CONTIGUOUS : True
  F_CONTIGUOUS : False
  OWNDATA : True
  WRITEABLE : True
  ALIGNED : True
  UPDATEIFCOPY : False

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/26778079/valueerror-ndarray-is-not-c-contiguous-in-cython

标签

python

numpy

cython