MySQL的默认编码是Latin1，不支持中文，要支持中文需要把数据库的默认编码修改为gbk或者utf8。
1、修改数据库字符编码
mysql> alter database mydb character set utf8 ;
2、创建数据库时，指定数据库的字符编码
mysql> create database mydb character set utf8 ;
3、查看mysql数据库的字符编码
mysql> show variables like 'character%'; //查询当前mysql数据库的所有属性的字符编码
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client | latin1 |
| character_set_connection | latin1 |
| character_set_database | utf8 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | latin1 |
| character_set_server | utf8 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
4、修改mysql数据库的字符编码
修改字符编码必须要修改mysql的配置文件my.cnf,然后重启才能生效
通常需要修改my.cnf的如下几个地方：
【client】下面，加上default-character-set=utf8，或者character_set_client=utf8
【mysqld】下面，加上character_set_server = utf8 ；
因为以上配置，mysql默认是latin1，如果仅仅是通过命令行客户端，mysql重启之后就不起作用了。
如下是客户端命令行修改方式，不推荐使用
mysql> set character_set_client=utf8 ;
mysql> set character_set_connection=utf8 ;
mysql> set character_set_database=utf8 ;
mysql> set character_set_database=utf8 ;
mysql> set character_set_results=utf8 ;
mysql> set character_set_server=utf8 ;
mysql> set character_set_system=utf8 ;
mysql> show variables like 'character%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8 |
| character_set_connection | utf8 |
| character_set_database | utf8 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8 |
| character_set_server | utf8 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)
来源：oschina
链接：https://my.oschina.net/u/2404183/blog/502745