django model polymorphism with proxy inheritance

问题

My Discount model describes common fields for all types of discounts in the system. I have some proxy models which describe concrete algorithm for culculating total. Base Discount class has a member field named type, which is a string identifing its type and its related class.

class Discount(models.Model):
  TYPE_CHOICES = (
    ('V', 'Value'),
    ('P', 'Percentage'),
  )

  name = models.CharField(max_length=32)
  code = models.CharField(max_length=32)
  quantity = models.PositiveIntegerField()
  value = models.DecimalField(max_digits=4, decimal_places=2)
  type = models.CharField(max_length=1, choices=TYPE_CHOICES)

  def __unicode__(self):
    return self.name

  def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
    if self.type:
      self.__class__ = getattr(sys.modules[__name__], self.type + 'Discount')
    super(Discount, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)

class ValueDiscount(Discount):
  class Meta:
    proxy = True

  def total(self, total):
    return total - self.value

But I keep getting exception of AttributeError saying self doesnt have type. How to fix this or is there another way to achieve this?

回答1:

Your init method needs to look like this instead:

def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
    super(Discount, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
    if self.type:
        self.__class__ = getattr(sys.modules[__name__], self.type + 'Discount')

You need to call super's __init__ before you will be able to access self.type.

Becareful with calling your field type since type is also a python built-in function, though you might not run into any problems.

See: http://docs.python.org/library/functions.html#type

回答2:

call super(Discount, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs) before referencing self.type.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/7526088/django-model-polymorphism-with-proxy-inheritance