实现内容

RabbitMQ + springboot 实现消息的发送和监听 springboot版本2.1.8

直接上代码

配置类

@Configuration
public class RabbitConfig {

    // mq地址
    @Bean(value = "connectionFactory")
    @Primary
    public ConnectionFactory connectionFactory(
            @Value("${spring.rabbitmq.host}") String host,
            @Value("${spring.rabbitmq.port}") int port,
            @Value("${spring.rabbitmq.username}") String username,
            @Value("${spring.rabbitmq.password}") String password,
            @Value("${spring.rabbitmq.virtual-host}") String virtualHost) {

        CachingConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new CachingConnectionFactory();
        connectionFactory.setHost(host);
        connectionFactory.setPort(port);
        connectionFactory.setUsername(username);
        connectionFactory.setPassword(password);
        connectionFactory.setVirtualHost(virtualHost);

        return connectionFactory;
    }
    @Bean
    public RetryTemplate retryTemplate() {

        RetryTemplate retryTemplate = new RetryTemplate();
        ExponentialBackOffPolicy backOffPolicy = new ExponentialBackOffPolicy();
        backOffPolicy.setInitialInterval(500);
        backOffPolicy.setMultiplier(10.0);
        backOffPolicy.setMaxInterval(10000);
        retryTemplate.setBackOffPolicy(backOffPolicy);

        return retryTemplate;
    }

    // mq发送
    @Bean
    public AmqpTemplate myMQTemplate(@Qualifier("connectionFactory") ConnectionFactory connectionFactory) {

        RabbitTemplate template = new RabbitTemplate(connectionFactory);
        template.setRetryTemplate(retryTemplate());
        template.setMessageConverter(new Jackson2JsonMessageConverter());

        return template;
    }
}

MQ生产者

@Component
public class MQSender {

    @Autowired
    private AmqpTemplate myMQTemplate;

    public void send(String exchangeName, String routingKey, Object object) {

        myMQTemplate.convertAndSend(exchangeName, routingKey, object);
    }
}

需要注意, 这里没有生成exchange, 需要手动创建, 如果需要程序自动创建, 则需要将exchange声明为bean即可. 执行测试代码

@Autowired
private MQSender mqSender;

@Test
public void send() {

    mqSender.send("e.send", "r.send", "send a message");
}

如果你观察的及时, 估计还能看见exchange收到消息的曲线波动~ 因为没有消费者, 所以exchange在接收到信息后直接将消息丢弃了, 现在我们创建对应的队列, 并绑定. 再次执行就可以看到队列中有消息了.

下面是消费者首先我们要在配置类中增加监听配置, 一个自动ack, 一个手动ack

// 自动ack
@Bean(value = "listenerFactoryWithAutoAck")
    public SimpleRabbitListenerContainerFactory listenerFactoryWithAutoAck(@Qualifier("connectionFactory") ConnectionFactory newRentConnectionFactory) {

        SimpleRabbitListenerContainerFactory factory = new SimpleRabbitListenerContainerFactory();
        factory.setConnectionFactory(newRentConnectionFactory);
        factory.setMessageConverter(new Jackson2JsonMessageConverter());
        factory.setConcurrentConsumers(3);
        factory.setMaxConcurrentConsumers(10);
        factory.setAcknowledgeMode(AcknowledgeMode.MANUAL);
        return factory;
    }
// 手动ack
@Bean(value = "listenerFactoryWithManualAck")
public SimpleRabbitListenerContainerFactory listenerFactoryWithManualAck(@Qualifier("connectionFactory") ConnectionFactory newRentConnectionFactory) {

        SimpleRabbitListenerContainerFactory factory = listenerFactory(newRentConnectionFactory);
        factory.setAcknowledgeMode(AcknowledgeMode.MANUAL);
        return factory;
    }

如果你使用的springboot版本是2.2.*的话, 可以更方便的在监听的注解上设置ackMode, 并且会覆盖在配置监听工厂的配置方式, 这里使用的版本是2.1.8所以只能在配置工厂时设置.

@Component
public class MQListener {

    @RabbitListener(containerFactory = "listenerFactoryWithManualAck",
            queues = "q.send")
    public void consume(Message message, Channel channel,
                        @Header(AmqpHeaders.DELIVERY_TAG) long tag) throws IOException {

        System.out.println("message: " + message.toString());

        String msg = new String(message.getBody(), StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
        System.out.println("message body: " + msg);
    }
}

执行后看到消息并没有被消费, 这是因为我们使用手动应答监听, 但是没有发送应答, 服务器将消息重新入队列.