摘要
andriod提供了 Handler 和 Looper 来满足线程间的通信。例如一个子线程从网络上下载了一副图片,当它下载完成后会发送消息给主线程,这个消息是通过绑定在主线程的Handler来传递的。
正文
图解:

代码示例:
/**
* @author allin.dev
* http://allin.cnblogs.com
*/
public class MainThread extends Activity
{
private static final String TAG = "MainThread";
private Handler mMainHandler, mChildHandler;
private TextView info;
private Button msgBtn;
@Override
public void onCreate( Bundle savedInstanceState )
{
super.onCreate( savedInstanceState );
setContentView( R.layout.main );
info = (TextView) findViewById( R.id.info );
msgBtn = (Button) findViewById( R.id.msgBtn );
mMainHandler = new Handler( )
{
@Override
public void handleMessage( Message msg )
{
Log.i( TAG, "Got an incoming message from the child thread - "
+ (String) msg.obj );
// 接收子线程的消息
info.setText( (String) msg.obj );
}
};
new ChildThread( ).start( );
msgBtn.setOnClickListener( new OnClickListener( )
{
@Override
public void onClick( View v )
{
if ( mChildHandler != null )
{
// 发送消息给子线程
Message childMsg = mChildHandler.obtainMessage( );
childMsg.obj = mMainHandler.getLooper( ).getThread( ).getName( )
+ " says Hello";
mChildHandler.sendMessage( childMsg );
Log.i( TAG, "Send a message to the child thread - "
+ (String) childMsg.obj );
}
}
} );
}
public void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
Log.i(TAG, "Stop looping the child thread's message queue");
mChildHandler.getLooper().quit();
}
class ChildThread extends Thread
{
private static final String CHILD_TAG = "ChildThread";
public void run( )
{
this.setName( "ChildThread" );
// 初始化消息循环队列,需要在Handler创建之前
Looper.prepare( );
mChildHandler = new Handler( )
{
@Override
public void handleMessage( Message msg )
{
Log.i( CHILD_TAG, "Got an incoming message from the main thread - "
+ (String) msg.obj );
try
{
// 在子线程中可以做一些耗时的工作
sleep( 100 );
Message toMain = mMainHandler.obtainMessage( );
toMain.obj = "This is " + this.getLooper( ).getThread( ).getName( )
+ ". Did you send me \"" + (String) msg.obj + "\"?";
mMainHandler.sendMessage( toMain );
Log.i( CHILD_TAG, "Send a message to the main thread - "
+ (String) toMain.obj );
}
catch ( InterruptedException e )
{
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace( );
}
}
};
Log.i( CHILD_TAG, "Child handler is bound to - "
+ mChildHandler.getLooper( ).getThread( ).getName( ) );
// 启动子线程消息循环队列
Looper.loop( );
}
}
}
ps:
使用HandlerThread的looper对象创建Handler,如果使用默认的构造方法,很有可能阻塞UI线程,参考http://www.cnblogs.com/ccdc/p/3837798.html。改进方案新开一个线程将主线程的handler使用新开线程的looper替代主线程looper,示意图如下,

参考
shangdawei.android 线程间通信[2014-07-11](2013-03-26).http://www.cnblogs.com/shangdawei/archive/2013/03/26/2983217.html
来源:https://www.cnblogs.com/ccdc/p/3837883.html