1.Spring MVC框架简介
- 支持REST风格的URL
- 添加更多注解,可完全注解驱动
- 引入HTTP输入输出转换器(HttpMessageConverter)
- 和数据转换、格式化、验证框架无缝集成
- 对静态资源处理提供特殊支持
- 更加灵活的控制器方法签名,可完全独立于Servlet API
2.Spring MVC框架结构,执行流程
3.如何在应用中使用Spring-MVC?
- 在应用中添加Spring框架支持;
- 在web.xml中配置Spring-MVC的请求转发器(前端控制器)
- 编写Spring-MVC的配置文件
- 将任意JavaBean通过注解配置成Controller(控制器)并注解其中的方法
- 完成
4.今天我们先来了解一下我们注解开发的小例子(简单登录)
一:转发(forward)

源码介绍:
1.lib包(jar包)和 web.xml文件的配置


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" version="2.5">
<display-name></display-name>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>
2.index.jsp(登录主页)

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme() + "://"
+ request.getServerName() + ":" + request.getServerPort()
+ path + "/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>登录主页</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="frist.do" method="post">
用户名:<input type="text" name="name" /> 年龄:<input type="text"
name="age" /> <input type="submit" value="提交" />
</form>
</body>
</html>
3.hello.jsp(登录成功后跳到的页面)和 error.jsp(登录失败跳到的页面)

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>成功欢迎页面</title>
</head>
<body>
欢迎您<br/>
姓名:${name}<br/>
年龄:${age }
</body>
</html>

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme() + "://"
+ request.getServerName() + ":" + request.getServerPort()
+ path + "/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>错误页面</title>
</head>
<body>这是错误页面
</body>
</html>
4.MyController.java(定义自己的处理器)

package cn.zhang.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
//定义自己的处理器
@Controller
public class MyController{
@RequestMapping(value="/frist.do",produces="text/html;charset=utf-8",method=RequestMethod.POST)
public String frist(Model model,String name,int age){
model.addAttribute("name", name);
model.addAttribute("age", age);
System.out.println(name);
System.out.println(age);
return "forward:/hello.jsp";
}
}
5.applicationContext.xml(Spring的配置文件)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<!-- 使用注解方式完成映射 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="cn.zhang.controller"></context:component-scan>
<!-- mvc的注解驱动 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
</beans>
效果展示:
1.输入成功的情况

点击提交跳到成功页面:

如果输入其他的信息则会跳到错误页面:

二:重定向(redirect)
我们只要改我们的控制器就行了

package cn.zhang.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
//定义自己的处理器
@Controller
public class MyController{
@RequestMapping(value="/frist.do")//登录请求的是frist.do
public String frist(Model model,String name,int age){
return "redirect:hello.do";//重定向到hello.do
}
@RequestMapping(value="/hello.do")
public String hello(Model model,String name,int age){
model.addAttribute("name", name);
model.addAttribute("age", age);
System.out.println(name);
System.out.println(age);
if (name.equals("1")&&age==1) {
return "redirect:/hello.jsp";//重定向到hello.jsp
}else {
return "redirect:/error.jsp";//重定向到error.jsp
}
}
}
来源:https://www.cnblogs.com/zhangzongle/p/6087138.html
