基于windows平台，mysql版本mysql-5.7.14-winx64，步骤如下
###1.创建两个mysql实例
详见https://my.oschina.net/u/2312022/blog/747955
###2.查看mysql官网
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/replication.html
###3.配置master
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/replication-howto-masterbaseconfig.html
我的配置如下
[mysqld]
# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin
# These are commonly set, remove the # and set as required.
basedir = E:\mysql-5.7.14-winx64\mysql-5.7.14-winx64
datadir = E:\mysql-5.7.14-winx64\mysql-5.7.14-winx64\data
port = 3306
server_id = 1
#开启二进制日志
log-bin= master-bin
备注：我们下载的mysql.zip，默认配置文件是my-default.ini，但是mysql文档描述如下
To configure the binary log and server ID options, shut down the MySQL server and edit the my.cnf or my.ini file. Within the [mysqld] section of the configuration file, add the log-bin and server-id options. If these options already exist, but are commented out, uncomment the options and alter them according to your needs. For example, to enable binary logging using a log file name prefix of mysql-bin, and configure a server ID of 1, use these lines:
我试过my-default.ini，但是没有成功，因此这里手动的将配置文件的名称改成my.ini。master数据库改了，slave数据库也要修改，slave修改了之后，mysql2启动不起来，同时要修改windows注册表里面的信息。
###4.启动master
####1.启动master
E:\mysql-5.7.14-winx64\mysql-5.7.14-winx64\bin>net start mysql
MySQL 服务正在启动 .
MySQL 服务已经启动成功。
####2.登陆master
E:\mysql-5.7.14-winx64\mysql-5.7.14-winx64\bin>mysql -u root -p777888999
####3.查看master
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
####4.查看用户
mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;
+-----------+-----------+
| user | host |
+-----------+-----------+
| lxl | % |
| panda | % |
| mysql.sys | localhost |
| root | localhost |
+-----------+-----------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
####5.新建用户
由于slave连接master需要一个用户，所以，我们这里新建一个用户，并且赋予它权限。
mysql> create user zhangsan identified by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;
+-----------+-----------+
| user | host |
+-----------+-----------+
| lxl | % |
| panda | % |
| zhangsan | % |
| mysql.sys | localhost |
| root | localhost |
+-----------+-----------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
####6.赋予新建用户权限
mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to zhangsan;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
mysql>
赋予 zhangsan这个用户slave权限，*.*表示master所有的数据库下面所有的表，实际项目中，应该是指定数据库。
###5.配置slave
mysql官网
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/replication-setup-slaves.html
我的配置如下
[mysqld]
# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin
# These are commonly set, remove the # and set as required.
basedir = F:\mysql2\mysql-5.7.14-winx64\mysql-5.7.14-winx64
datadir = F:\mysql2\mysql-5.7.14-winx64\mysql-5.7.14-winx64\data
port = 3307
server_id = 2
relay_log=slave-relay-bin
####1..启动/登陆/进入slave
F:\mysql2\mysql-5.7.14-winx64\mysql-5.7.14-winx64\bin>net start mysql2
mysql2 服务正在启动 .
mysql2 服务已经启动成功。
F:\mysql2\mysql-5.7.14-winx64\mysql-5.7.14-winx64\bin>mysql -P3307 -u root -p
Enter password:
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
这里可以发现，slave与master是一样的，都是新安装后的初始状态。
####2.配置slave归属master
1.获取master二进制文件名称与位置
mysql> show master status;
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+--------------
-----+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid
_Set |
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+--------------
-----+
| master-bin.000009 | 1419 | | |
|
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+--------------
-----+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
2.配置slave归属master
mysql> change master to
-> master_host='192.168.2.67',
-> master_user='zhangsan',
-> master_password='123456',
-> master_log_file='master-bin.000009',
-> master_log_pos=1419;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.18 sec)
mysql>
3.开启slave
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)
4.查看slave状态
mysql> show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.2.67
Master_User: zhangsan
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: master-bin.000009
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 1419
Relay_Log_File: slave-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 321
Relay_Master_Log_File: master-bin.000009
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 1419
Relay_Log_Space: 528
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 1
Master_UUID: ed77c8ba-7496-11e6-8100-c86000d039ef
Master_Info_File: F:\mysql2\mysql-5.7.14-winx64\mysql-5.7.14-winx64
\data\master.info
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more up
dates
Master_Retry_Count: 86400
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
Executed_Gtid_Set:
Auto_Position: 0
Replicate_Rewrite_DB:
Channel_Name:
Master_TLS_Version:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
ERROR:
No query specified
mysql>
有上述信息可知：
1.Slave_IO_State：等待master发送事件
作用：监控master二进制日志是否有变更
2.Slave_IO_Running：正在运行
作用：将master二进制日志变更部分取回slave
3.Slave_SQL_Running：正在运行
作用：在slave上重现变更部分，即实现了数据同步
###6.测试
####1.在master上创建数据库
mysql> create database test;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.04 sec)
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
| test |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
####2.查看slave
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
| test |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
发现已经同步了。接着测试下数据。
####3.master建表，添加数据
mysql> create table t_user(id int(4),name varchar(100));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.41 sec)
mysql>
添加数据
mysql> insert into t_user(id,name) values(1000,'zhangsan');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.16 sec)
mysql>
####4.查看slave
mysql> use test
Database changed
mysql> select * from t_user;
+------+----------+
| id | name |
+------+----------+
| 1000 | zhangsan |
+------+----------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
mysql>
如上信息，表明已经同步成功了。
注意：如果slave不需要与master同步了，一定要
mysql> stop slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.08 sec)
mysql>
否则，下次设置该slave的时候会出现如下错误
mysql> change master to
-> master_host='192.168.2.67',
-> master_user='zhangsan',
-> master_password='123456',
-> master_log_file='master-bin.000009',
-> master_log_pos=1419;
ERROR 3021 (HY000): This operation cannot be performed with a running slave io t
hread; run STOP SLAVE IO_THREAD FOR CHANNEL '' first.
当然解决办法很明显，先stop slave，在设置slave。
来源：oschina
链接：https://my.oschina.net/u/2312022/blog/748459