Select, where JSON Array contains

问题

So in Laravel 5 there's the handy thing called JSON Where Clauses using MySQL's new ability to store and fetch JSON stored in a column:

User::where('meta->colors', 'red')->get()

would return all rows, where colors in the column meta would be set to red.

Now let's say colors is not a string, but an array containing multiple colors (colors => ['red', 'blue', 'green']).

What would be an efficient way to retrieve all rows, where colors contains e.g. the value red?

回答1:

JSON_CONTAINS() does exactly what you're looking for:

JSON_CONTAINS(target, candidate[, path])

Indicates by returning 1 or 0 whether a given candidate JSON document is contained within a target JSON document, or—if a path argument was supplied—whether the candidate is found at a specific path within the target. — 12.16.3 Functions That Search JSON Values

Currently, Laravel's query builder does not provide a corresponding API. There's an open internals proposal for it though.

In the meantime, you can execute a raw query:

\DB::table('users')->whereRaw(
    'JSON_CONTAINS(meta->"$.colors", \'["red"]\')'
)->get();

Which would return all users that have "red" in their meta->colors JSON field. Note that the -> operator requires MySQL 5.7.9+.

You can also call the whereRaw() directly on an Eloquent model.

Laravel 5.6

As of the 5.6 release, Laravel's query builder contains a new whereJsonContains method.

回答2:

I think a way would be using the like operator:

User::where('meta->colors', 'like', '%"red"%')

However, this would only work if the values never contain the character " and the delimiters wouldn't change.

回答3:

An update for this answer, according to MySQL or MariaDb, the correct syntax must be JSON_CONTAINS(@json, 'red', '$.colors'), and is necessary to use JSON_EXTRACT.

So them, the code inside Laravel (for version 5.5 or less).

Like say @Elwin, meta column must contains the following JSON: { "colors": ["red", "blue", "green"] }

User::whereRaw("JSON_CONTAINS(JSON_EXTRACT(meta, '$.colors'), '\"{$color}\"')")

Remember to use double quotes in value sentence.
JSON_CONTAINS(JSON_EXTRACT(meta, '$.colors'), '"red"')

回答4:

The whereIn method verifies that a given column's value is contained within the given array. Try this:

$colorArray = ['red', 'blue', 'green'];

$user = User::whereIn($meta->color, $colorArray)->get();

More about Laravel's whereIn.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/46055223/select-where-json-array-contains

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php

mysql

json

laravel

eloquent