1.tencentSpider.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import scrapy
from Tencent.items import TencentItem
#创建爬虫类
class TencentspiderSpider(scrapy.Spider):
name = 'tencentSpider'#爬虫名字
allowed_domains = ['tencent.com']#容许爬虫的作用范围
# 定义开始的URL
offset = 0
url = 'https://hr.tencent.com/position.php?&start='
#urll='#a'
start_urls = [url + str(offset)] # 爬虫开始的URL
def parse(self, response):
# 继承
item = TencentItem()
# 根节点
movies = response.xpath("//tr[@class='odd']|//tr[@class='even']")
for each in movies:
item['zhiwei']=each.xpath(".//td[@class='l square']/a/text()").extract()[0]
item['lianjie'] = each.xpath(".//td[@class='l square']/a/@href").extract()[0]
#item['leibie'] = each.xpath("//tr[@class='odd']/td[2]/text()|//tr[@class='even']/td[2]/text()").extract()[0]
item['leibie'] = each.xpath("//tr[@class='odd']/td[2]/text()|//tr[@class='even']/td[2]/text()").extract()[0]
#data = response.xpath(".//tr[@class='odd']/td[2]|//tr[@class='even']/td[2][descendant-or-self::text()]")
#item['leibie'] = data.xpath('string(.)').extract()
item['renshu'] = each.xpath("//tr[@class='odd']/td[3]/text()|//tr[@class='even']/td[3]/text()").extract()[0]
item['didian'] = each.xpath("//tr[@class='odd']/td[4]/text()|//tr[@class='even']/td[4]/text()").extract()[0]
item['shijian'] = each.xpath("//tr[@class='odd']/td[5]/text()|//tr[@class='even']/td[5]/text()").extract()[0]
# 异常处理
#if len(quote) != 0:
#item['quote'] = quote[0]
print(item)
yield item
if self.offset < 2840:
self.offset += 10
# 每次处理完一页之后，重新发送下一页请求
# self offset 自增25，同时拼接为新的URL并调用回调函数，self parse 处理response
yield scrapy.Request(self.url + str(self.offset),callback=self.parse)
2.items.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# Define here the models for your scraped items
#
# See documentation in:
# https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/items.html
import scrapy
class TencentItem(scrapy.Item):
# define the fields for your item here like:
# name = scrapy.Field()
zhiwei = scrapy.Field()
lianjie = scrapy.Field()
leibie = scrapy.Field()
renshu = scrapy.Field()
didian = scrapy.Field()
shijian = scrapy.Field()
3.main.py
from scrapy import cmdline
#
cmdline.execute("scrapy crawl tencentSpider".split())
4.middlewares.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# Define here the models for your spider middleware
#
# See documentation in:
# https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html
from scrapy import signals
class TencentSpiderMiddleware(object):
# Not all methods need to be defined. If a method is not defined,
# scrapy acts as if the spider middleware does not modify the
# passed objects.
@classmethod
def from_crawler(cls, crawler):
# This method is used by Scrapy to create your spiders.
s = cls()
crawler.signals.connect(s.spider_opened, signal=signals.spider_opened)
return s
def process_spider_input(self, response, spider):
# Called for each response that goes through the spider
# middleware and into the spider.
# Should return None or raise an exception.
return None
def process_spider_output(self, response, result, spider):
# Called with the results returned from the Spider, after
# it has processed the response.
# Must return an iterable of Request, dict or Item objects.
for i in result:
yield i
def process_spider_exception(self, response, exception, spider):
# Called when a spider or process_spider_input() method
# (from other spider middleware) raises an exception.
# Should return either None or an iterable of Response, dict
# or Item objects.
pass
def process_start_requests(self, start_requests, spider):
# Called with the start requests of the spider, and works
# similarly to the process_spider_output() method, except
# that it doesn’t have a response associated.
# Must return only requests (not items).
for r in start_requests:
yield r
def spider_opened(self, spider):
spider.logger.info('Spider opened: %s' % spider.name)
class TencentDownloaderMiddleware(object):
# Not all methods need to be defined. If a method is not defined,
# scrapy acts as if the downloader middleware does not modify the
# passed objects.
@classmethod
def from_crawler(cls, crawler):
# This method is used by Scrapy to create your spiders.
s = cls()
crawler.signals.connect(s.spider_opened, signal=signals.spider_opened)
return s
def process_request(self, request, spider):
# Called for each request that goes through the downloader
# middleware.
# Must either:
# - return None: continue processing this request
# - or return a Response object
# - or return a Request object
# - or raise IgnoreRequest: process_exception() methods of
# installed downloader middleware will be called
return None
def process_response(self, request, response, spider):
# Called with the response returned from the downloader.
# Must either;
# - return a Response object
# - return a Request object
# - or raise IgnoreRequest
return response
def process_exception(self, request, exception, spider):
# Called when a download handler or a process_request()
# (from other downloader middleware) raises an exception.
# Must either:
# - return None: continue processing this exception
# - return a Response object: stops process_exception() chain
# - return a Request object: stops process_exception() chain
pass
def spider_opened(self, spider):
spider.logger.info('Spider opened: %s' % spider.name)
5.pipelines.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# Define your item pipelines here
#Tencent.json
#class TencentPipeline(object):
# Don't forget to add your pipeline to the ITEM_PIPELINES setting
# See: https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html
import json
from openpyxl import Workbook
class TencentPipeline(object):
wb = Workbook()
ws = wb.active
# 设置表头
ws.append(['职位', '链接', '类型', '人数', '地点', '时间'])
def process_item(self, item, spider):
# 添加数据
line = [item['zhiwei'],item['lianjie'],item['leibie'],item['renshu'],item['didian'],item['shijian']]
self.ws.append(line) # 按行添加
self.wb.save('tencentSpider.xlsx')
return item
6.settings.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# Scrapy settings for Tencent project
#
# For simplicity, this file contains only settings considered important or
# commonly used. You can find more settings consulting the documentation:
#
# https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html
# https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html
# https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html
BOT_NAME = 'Tencent'
SPIDER_MODULES = ['Tencent.spiders']
NEWSPIDER_MODULE = 'Tencent.spiders'
# Crawl responsibly by identifying yourself (and your website) on the user-agent
USER_AGENT = 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/71.0.3578.98 Safari/537.36'
# Obey robots.txt rules
#ROBOTSTXT_OBEY = True
# Configure maximum concurrent requests performed by Scrapy (default: 16)
#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS = 32
# Configure a delay for requests for the same website (default: 0)
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html#download-delay
# See also autothrottle settings and docs
#DOWNLOAD_DELAY = 3
# The download delay setting will honor only one of:
#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_DOMAIN = 16
#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_IP = 16
# Disable cookies (enabled by default)
#COOKIES_ENABLED = False
# Disable Telnet Console (enabled by default)
#TELNETCONSOLE_ENABLED = False
# Override the default request headers:
#DEFAULT_REQUEST_HEADERS = {
# 'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8',
# 'Accept-Language': 'en',
#}
# Enable or disable spider middlewares
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html
#SPIDER_MIDDLEWARES = {
# 'Tencent.middlewares.TencentSpiderMiddleware': 543,
#}
# Enable or disable downloader middlewares
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html
#DOWNLOADER_MIDDLEWARES = {
# 'Tencent.middlewares.TencentDownloaderMiddleware': 543,
#}
# Enable or disable extensions
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/extensions.html
#EXTENSIONS = {
# 'scrapy.extensions.telnet.TelnetConsole': None,
#}
# Configure item pipelines
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html
ITEM_PIPELINES = {
'Tencent.pipelines.TencentPipeline': 300,
}
# Enable and configure the AutoThrottle extension (disabled by default)
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/autothrottle.html
#AUTOTHROTTLE_ENABLED = True
# The initial download delay
#AUTOTHROTTLE_START_DELAY = 5
# The maximum download delay to be set in case of high latencies
#AUTOTHROTTLE_MAX_DELAY = 60
# The average number of requests Scrapy should be sending in parallel to
# each remote server
#AUTOTHROTTLE_TARGET_CONCURRENCY = 1.0
# Enable showing throttling stats for every response received:
#AUTOTHROTTLE_DEBUG = False
# Enable and configure HTTP caching (disabled by default)
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html#httpcache-middleware-settings
#HTTPCACHE_ENABLED = True
#HTTPCACHE_EXPIRATION_SECS = 0
#HTTPCACHE_DIR = 'httpcache'
#HTTPCACHE_IGNORE_HTTP_CODES = []
#HTTPCACHE_STORAGE = 'scrapy.extensions.httpcache.FilesystemCacheStorage'
来源：https://www.cnblogs.com/Raodi/p/11188232.html