问题
I'm writing Selenium Junit tests with IntelliJ. The tests run ok if I trigger from test directly. However, if I trigger tests from TestRunnerSuite with JunitCore, I encountered following weird error that I did not find a solution after researching on google. Similar questions on DriverService$builder, but not my error type.
[main] ERROR sire.responseOrg.TestIncidents - java.lang.AbstractMethodError: org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverService$Builder.createArgs()Lcom/google/common/collect/ImmutableList;
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverService$Builder.build(DriverService.java:332)
at org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriverService.createDefaultService(ChromeDriverService.java:88)
at org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver.<init>(ChromeDriver.java:123)
at sire.responseOrg.WebDrivers.getInstance(WebDrivers.java:15)
at sire.responseOrg.util.util1.setupChromeDriver(util1.java:51)
at sire.responseOrg.Test1.setUp(Test1.java:28)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at ......Omitted
at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:127)
at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.runClasses(JUnitCore.java:76)
at sire.responseOrg.TestSuiteRunner.main(TestSuiteRunner.java:24)
I'm using Selenium 3.5.3 and chrome 76.---> Updated to Selenium 3.141.59,and with main scope.
Now getting error
java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/apache/http/auth/Credentials
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.HttpCommandExecutor.getDefaultClientFactory(HttpCommandExecutor.java:93)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.HttpCommandExecutor.<init>(HttpCommandExecutor.java:72)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverCommandExecutor.<init>(DriverCommandExecutor.java:63)
at org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriverCommandExecutor.<init>(ChromeDriverCommandExecutor.java:36)
at org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver.<init>(ChromeDriver.java:181)
at org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver.<init>(ChromeDriver.java:168)
at org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver.<init>(ChromeDriver.java:123)
at sire.responseOrg.WebDrivers.getInstance(WebDrivers.java:15)
at sire.responseOrg.util.SeleniumUtil.setupChromeDriver(SeleniumUtil.java:62)
at sire.responseOrg.TestIncidents.setUp(TestIncidents.java:29)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:44)
at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:15)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:41)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:27)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunAfters.evaluate(RunAfters.java:31)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:292)
at org.junit.runners.Suite.runChild(Suite.java:128)
at org.junit.runners.Suite.runChild(Suite.java:24)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:231)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:60)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:229)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:50)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:222)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:292)
at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:157)
at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:136)
at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:127)
at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.runClasses(JUnitCore.java:76)
at sire.responseOrg.TestSuiteRunner.main(TestSuiteRunner.java:24)
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.apache.http.auth.Credentials
at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:381)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:424)
at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:349)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:357)
... 33 more
Full pom.xml dependencies
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>myGroupId</groupId>
<artifactId>myArtifactId</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<description>My description</description>
<dependencies>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/junit/junit -->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.9</version>
<scope>main</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
<artifactId>selenium-api</artifactId>
<version>3.141.59</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
<artifactId>selenium-java</artifactId>
<version>3.141.59</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
<artifactId>selenium-chrome-driver</artifactId>
<version>3.141.59</version>
<scope>main</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.slf4j/slf4j-api -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<version>1.7.6</version>
<scope>main</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.slf4j/slf4j-simple -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-simple</artifactId>
<version>1.7.6</version>
<scope>main</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.salesforce.seti</groupId>
<artifactId>selenium-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>1.0.3</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<pluginManagement>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.5.1</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.1.2</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<goals>
<goal>test-jar</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</pluginManagement>
</build>
<packaging>pom</packaging>
</project>
My project folder structure is
.src
...main
.....java
.......projectname
.........constantsFolder
.........utilFolder
...........util1.java
...........util2.java
.........Test1.java
.........TestRunnerSuite.java
.........WebDrivers.java
If I start test from Test1.java, the test runs regularly though with warnings
[main] INFO projectname.util.util1 - Set up chrome driver.
Starting ChromeDriver 75.0.3770.90 (a6dcaf7e3ec6f70a194cc25e8149475c6590e025-refs/branch-heads/3770@{#1003}) on port 28755
Only local connections are allowed.
Please protect ports used by ChromeDriver and related test frameworks to prevent access by malicious code.
[1566609934.853][WARNING]: This version of ChromeDriver has not been tested with Chrome version 76.
Aug 23, 2019 6:25:34 PM org.openqa.selenium.remote.ProtocolHandshake createSession
INFO: Detected dialect: W3C
[main] INFO projectname.util.util1 - Navigating to https://mytest.com/
However, after adding a testSuiteRunner as below.
@RunWith(Suite.class)
@Suite.SuiteClasses({ Test1.class })
public class TestSuiteRunner {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Result result = JUnitCore.runClasses(Test1.class);
// print erros, exit etc omitted
}
}
Now I get the weird error and cannot fire the chromedriver. The webdriver I have is singleton
public class WebDrivers {
private static WebDriver driver = null;
public static WebDriver getInstance(){
if (driver == null) {
driver = new ChromeDriver();
}
return driver;
}
}
It's my first time to work on setting everything up from grounds. I'm not sure if it's pom dependency issue, singleton webdriver issue, or something else. Could anyone share an eyesight on this and give some clues? Much appreciated.
回答1:
This error message...
java.lang.AbstractMethodError: org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverService$Builder.createArgs()Lcom/google/common/collect/ImmutableList;
...implies that there is some incompatibility between the version of the binaries you are using specifically with the guava dependency.
- You are using chrome= 76.0
You are using the following:
<dependency> <groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId> <artifactId>selenium-chrome-driver</artifactId> <version>3.5.3</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency>Your Selenium Client version is 3.5.3 which is more then 2 years older.
- Your JDK version is unknown to us.
So there is a clear mismatch between the Selenium Client v3.5.3 and Chrome Browser v76.0
However as per the discussions in:
- java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: com.google.common.collect.ImmutableList.builderWithExpectedSize
- NoSuchMethodError: com.google.common.collect.ImmutableList.toImmutableList()Ljava/util/stream/Collector; after upgrade to 2.0.16
These issues crop up due to incompatibile Guava dependency.
The current guava version used within
selenium-java-3.141.59is guava-25.0-jre
Solution
Ensure that:
- JDK is upgraded to current levels JDK 8u222.
- Selenium is upgraded to current levels Version 3.141.59.
- Clean your Project Workspace through your IDE and Rebuild your project with required dependencies only.
- If your base Web Client version is too old, then uninstall it and install a recent GA and released version of Web Client.
- Take a System Reboot.
- Execute your
@Testas non-root user. - Always invoke
driver.quit()withintearDown(){}method to close & destroy the WebDriver and Web Client instances gracefully.
Update
So presumably your main question with respect to the error:
java.lang.AbstractMethodError: org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverService$Builder.createArgs()Lcom/google/common/collect/ImmutableList;
is solved. Congratulations.
Now, as per your question update as you are seeing the error:
java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/apache/http/auth/Credentials
There are two aspects.
- NoClassDefFoundError: NoClassDefFoundError in Java occurs when Java Virtual Machine is not able to find a particular class at runtime which was available at compile time. You can find a detailed discussion in Exception in thread “main” java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/openqa/selenium/WebDriver
http/auth: Traces of http/auth implieshttp clientis still in use where as the CHANGELOG reflects:- The
HttpClientimplementation details were out ofHttpCommandExecutorright from Selenium v2.45.0. - With the availability of Selenium v3.11, Selenium Grid was switched to use
OkHttprather than theApache HttpClient. - Further with the release of Selenium v3.141.0,
Apache HttpClientwas removed fromselenium-server-standalonewhich drastically reduced the size of selenium server distribution package. - Even the
apache-backed httpclientwas also removed. - You can find a detailed discussion in org.openqa.selenium.remote.internal.ApacheHttpClient is deprecated in selenium 3.14.0 - What should be used instead?
- The
回答2:
Remove scope from your POM. test or main Isn't needed for your tests to run
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/57634492/org-openqa-selenium-remote-service-driverservicebuilder-createargslcom-google