没写过爬虫，赶鸭子上架，公司里有个老代码，我就拿来参考，边看边写3周后，把整个代码大换血，实现了单日单程序百万的爬取量。
使用springboot + JDK1.8 + mysql + redis。
主要有 关键词爬取、redis队列、多线程爬取程序 三部分。
一、关键词的爬取：
我用的是在微博搜索栏输入关键词的方法爬取数据，所以关键词的热度、新鲜度很重要。
我在百度、搜狗、微博这几个网站的热搜榜每隔40秒抓取一次实时的热词。
第一步，找热词质量高的网站。
# 百度热搜网址 baidu.hotnews = http://top.baidu.com/buzz?b=1&fr=topnews baidu.topcategory = http://top.baidu.com/buzz?b=2&c=12&fr=topcategory_c12 baidu.oneday.hotbuzz = http://top.baidu.com/buzz?b=341&fr=topbuzz_b1 baidu.oneday.lifehot = http://top.baidu.com/buzz?b=342&c=513&fr=topbuzz_b344_c513 # 微博热搜网址 weibo.realtimehot = https://s.weibo.com/top/summary?cate=realtimehot weibo.realtime = https://weibo.com/a/hot/realtime # 搜狗热搜网址 sogou.hotTop1 = http://top.sogou.com/hot/shishi_1.html sogou.hotTop2 = http://top.sogou.com/hot/shishi_2.html sogou.hotTop3 = http://top.sogou.com/hot/shishi_3.html # 360热搜网址 360.hotlist.star = https://trends.so.com/top/list?cate1=%E4%BA%BA%E7%89%A9&cate2=%E6%98%8E%E6%98%9F&page=1&size=100 360.hotlist.netstar = https://trends.so.com/top/list?cate1=%E4%BA%BA%E7%89%A9&cate2=%E7%BD%91%E7%BA%A2&page=1&size=100 360.hotlist.famous = https://trends.so.com/top/list?cate1=%E4%BA%BA%E7%89%A9&cate2=%E5%90%8D%E5%AE%B6&page=1&size=100 360.hotlist.website = https://trends.so.com/top/list?cate1=%E7%BD%91%E7%AB%99&cate2=&page=1&size=100 360.hotlist.ip = https://trends.so.com/top/list?cate1=IP&cate2=&page=1&size=100 360.hotlist.ai = https://trends.so.com/top/list?cate1=%E6%99%BA%E8%83%BD%E7%BB%88%E7%AB%AF&cate2=%E6%89%8B%E6%9C%BA&page=10&size=100 360.hotlist.car = https://trends.so.com/top/list?cate1=%E6%B1%BD%E8%BD%A6&cate2=&page=11&size=100 360.hotlist.live = https://trends.so.com/top/list?cate1=%E7%9B%B4%E6%92%AD&cate2=%E4%B8%BB%E6%92%AD&page=8&size=80 360.hotlist.livesite = https://trends.so.com/top/list?cate1=%E7%9B%B4%E6%92%AD&cate2=%E7%9B%B4%E6%92%AD%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0&page=6&size=60 360.hotlist.drink = https://trends.so.com/top/list?cate1=%E9%85%92%E7%B1%BB&cate2=&page=1&size=40 360.hotlist.carton = https://trends.so.com/top/list?cate1=%E5%A8%B1%E4%B9%90&cate2=%E5%8A%A8%E6%BC%AB&page=1&size=100 360.hotlist.sports = https://trends.so.com/top/list?cate1=%E5%A8%B1%E4%B9%90&cate2=%E4%BD%93%E8%82%B2&page=1&size=100 360.hotlist.music = https://trends.so.com/top/list?cate1=%E5%A8%B1%E4%B9%90&cate2=%E9%9F%B3%E4%B9%90&page=1&size=100 360.hotlist.movie = https://trends.so.com/top/list?cate1=%E5%A8%B1%E4%B9%90&cate2=%E7%94%B5%E5%BD%B1&page=8&size=100 360.hotlist.tv = https://trends.so.com/top/list?cate1=%E9%85%92%E7%B1%BB&cate2=&page=6&size=100 360.hotlist.fun = https://trends.so.com/top/list?cate1=%E5%A8%B1%E4%B9%90&cate2=%E7%94%B5%E8%A7%86%E5%89%A7&page=6&size=100 360.hotlist.novel = https://trends.so.com/top/list?cate1=%E5%A8%B1%E4%B9%90&cate2=%E5%B0%8F%E8%AF%B4&page=1&size=100 360.hotlist.game = https://trends.so.com/top/list?cate1=%E5%A8%B1%E4%B9%90&cate2=%E6%B8%B8%E6%88%8F&page=6&size=100 360.hotlist.cosmetics = https://trends.so.com/top/list?cate1=%E5%8C%96%E5%A6%86%E5%93%81&cate2=&page=4&size=40 360.hotlist.luxury = https://trends.so.com/top/list?cate1=%E5%A5%A2%E4%BE%88%E5%93%81&cate2=&page=3&size=30
（附上爬取关键词网页，这些热词的质量极高）
第二步，热词爬取：
以微博热搜榜的爬取为例。
String str= "https://s.weibo.com/top/summary?cate=realtimehot";//网页链接
HotListSearch hotListSearch = new HotListSearch();//创建爬取热词对象
List<Keywords> keywords = hotListSearch.queryWeibo(str);//使用爬取微博方法
int i =1;
for(Keywords key:keywords){
System.out.println("No."+i+"==========="+key.toString());
i++;
}//将爬取的结果封装成java对象
HotListSearch.class
public class HotListSearch {
public HotListSearch() {
this(null);
}
private HttpProxy proxy;
public HotListSearch(HttpProxy proxy) {
this.proxy = proxy;
}
/*
* 微博
* */
public List<Keywords> queryWeibo(String url) {
Connect connect = new Connect();
String html = connect.get(url, proxy);
String str = "div[class=data] tbody tr";//jsoup需抓取的css标识
List<Keywords> keywords = parseWeibo(html,str);//解析html为需要的集合
return keywords;
}
/*
* 解析 HTML变集合
* */
private List<Keywords> parseWeibo(String html,String str) {
if (html == null || html.isEmpty())
return null;
Document doc = Jsoup.parse(html);//解析html为java对象
Elements list = doc.select(str);//根据css标识把Document分为集合
if (list == null || list.isEmpty())
return null;
List<Keywords> keywords = new ArrayList<>();
for (int i = 0, len = list.size(); i < len; i++) {
try {
HotSearchElementParser parser = new HotSearchElementParser();//解析list中每一个元素的工具，变为java对象
Keywords key = parser.parseSearchWeibo(list.get(i));//将元素变为关键词对象
if(key!=null) keywords.add(key);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.getMessage();
}
}
return keywords;
}
}
HotSearchElementParser.class
public class HotSearchElementParser {
public Keywords parseSearchWeibo(Element item) throws ParseException{
Keywords keywords=parseSearch();
String querystr=item.select("td[class=td-02] a").text();//获取热词
if(querystr==null||querystr.isEmpty()){
return null;
}
keywords.setQuerystr(querystr);
return keywords;
}
}
Keywords.class
/**
* 下载关键词
*
*/
public class Keywords implements Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private int id;
private String querystr;
private String region; // keywords region
private String nodup; // keywords nodup
private int status; // 状态，1：正在下载、2：暂停下载
private long next; // 下一次加载
private String growth; // 最近 5 次下载数量
private long lastDownloadTime; // 最后下载时间
private int total; // total downloads
private int amount; // amount of downloads
private String updateDate;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getQuerystr() {
return querystr;
}
public void setQuerystr(String querystr) {
this.querystr = querystr;
}
public String getRegion() {
return region;
}
public void setRegion(String region) {
this.region = region;
}
public String getNodup() {
return nodup;
}
public void setNodup(String nodup) {
this.nodup = nodup;
}
public int getStatus() {
return status;
}
public void setStatus(int status) {
this.status = status;
}
public long getNext() {
return next;
}
public void setNext(long next) {
this.next = next;
}
public String getGrowth() {
return growth;
}
public void setGrowth(String growth) {
this.growth = growth;
}
public long getLastDownloadTime() {
return lastDownloadTime;
}
public void setLastDownloadTime(long lastDownloadTime) {
this.lastDownloadTime = lastDownloadTime;
}
public int getTotal() {
return total;
}
public void setTotal(int total) {
this.total = total;
}
public int getAmount() {
return amount;
}
public void setAmount(int amount) {
this.amount = amount;
}
public String getUpdateDate() {
return updateDate;
}
public void setUpdateDate(String updateDate) {
this.updateDate = updateDate;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Keywords{" +
"id=" + id +
", querystr='" + querystr + '\'' +
", region='" + region + '\'' +
", nodup='" + nodup + '\'' +
", status=" + status +
", next=" + next +
", growth='" + growth + '\'' +
", lastDownloadTime=" + lastDownloadTime +
", total=" + total +
", amount=" + amount +
", updateDate=" + updateDate +
'}';
}
}
Connect.class
package com.cnxunao.common.utils;
import com.cnxunao.weibospider.entities.HttpProxy;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.apache.http.HttpHost;
import org.apache.http.auth.AuthScope;
import org.apache.http.auth.UsernamePasswordCredentials;
import org.apache.http.client.CredentialsProvider;
import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;
import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig.Builder;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.protocol.HttpClientContext;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.BasicCredentialsProvider;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.protocol.HttpContext;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.net.Proxy;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLConnection;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.Random;
public class Connect {
private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Connect.class);
public String get(String url) {
return get(url, null);
}
public String get(String url, HttpProxy proxy) {
try (CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.custom().setUserAgent(this.userAgent).build()) {
HttpGet request = new HttpGet(url.trim());
HttpContext context = createContext(proxy);
try (CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(request, context)) {
return EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), charset);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
throw new IllegalArgumentException("timeout");
}
}
public String getKeyword(String targetUrl, HttpProxy proxy) {
String proxyHost = proxy.getHost();
int proxyPort = proxy.getPort();
Proxy.Type proxyType = Proxy.Type.SOCKS;
try {
InetSocketAddress addr = new InetSocketAddress(proxyHost, proxyPort);
Proxy Httpproxy = new Proxy(proxyType, addr);
URL url = new URL(targetUrl);
URLConnection conn = url.openConnection(Httpproxy);
InputStream in = conn.getInputStream();
return IO2String(in);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
throw new IllegalArgumentException("timeout");
}
}
public String get(String url, HttpProxy proxy, int reconnectionTimes) {
if (reconnectionTimes < 2)
return get(url, proxy);
if (reconnectionTimes > 5)
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Too many reconnection");
String html = null;
for (int i = 0; i < reconnectionTimes; i++) {
try {
html = get(url, proxy);
break;
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.error("reconnection: {}", url);
try {
Thread.sleep(1_500L);
} catch (InterruptedException e1) {
}
}
}
if (html == null)
throw new IllegalArgumentException("timeout");
return html;
}
private HttpContext createContext(HttpProxy proxy) {
HttpClientContext context = HttpClientContext.create();
Builder builder = RequestConfig.custom().setConnectTimeout(timeout).setSocketTimeout(timeout);
if (proxy != null && StringUtils.isNotEmpty(proxy.getHost())) {
builder.setProxy(new HttpHost(proxy.getHost(), proxy.getPort()));
if (StringUtils.isNotEmpty(proxy.getUsername()) && StringUtils.isNotEmpty(proxy.getPassword())) {
CredentialsProvider credsProvider = new BasicCredentialsProvider();
credsProvider.setCredentials(new AuthScope(proxy.getHost(), proxy.getPort()),
new UsernamePasswordCredentials(proxy.getUsername(), proxy.getPassword()));
context.setCredentialsProvider(credsProvider);
}
}
RequestConfig config = builder.build();
context.setRequestConfig(config);
return context;
}
private static Random random = new Random();
// private String userAgent = "Opera/9.27 (Windows NT 5.2; U; zh-cn)";
private String userAgent = userAgents[random.nextInt(14)];
public void setUserAgent(String userAgent) {
this.userAgent = userAgent;
}
private String charset = "UTF-8";
public void setCharset(String charset) {
this.charset = charset;
}
private int timeout = 15_000;
public void setTimeout(int timeout) {
this.timeout = timeout;
}
public static String IO2String(InputStream inStream) throws IOException {
ByteArrayOutputStream result = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
int len;
while ((len = inStream.read(buffer)) != -1) {
result.write(buffer, 0, len);
}
String str = result.toString(StandardCharsets.UTF_8.name());
return str;
}
//user_Agent池
private static String[] userAgents = {
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/44.0.2403.89 Safari/537.36",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/535.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/14.0.835.163 Safari/535.1",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; rv:6.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/6.0",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/534.50 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/5.1 Safari/534.50",
"Opera/9.80 (Windows NT 6.1; U; zh-cn) Presto/2.9.168 Version/11.50",
"Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64; Trident/5.0; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; SLCC2; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; InfoPath.3; .NET4.0C; Tablet PC 2.0; .NET4.0E)",
"Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/4.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; .NET4.0C; InfoPath.3)",
"Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 5.1; Trident/4.0; GTB7.0)",
"Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 5.1)",
"Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1)",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; ) AppleWebKit/534.12 (KHTML, like Gecko) Maxthon/3.0 Safari/534.12",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US) AppleWebKit/534.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/6.0.472.33 Safari/534.3 SE 2.X MetaSr 1.0",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1) AppleWebKit/535.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/13.0.782.41 Safari/535.1 QQBrowser/6.9.11079.201",
"Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/5.0)"
};
}
HttpResponse.class
package com.cnxunao.weibospider.utils;
import java.util.Vector;
public class HttpResponse {
String urlString;
int defaultPort;
String file;
String host;
String path;
int port;
String protocol;
String query;
String ref;
String userInfo;
String contentEncoding;
int contentLength;
String content;
String contentType;
int code;
String message;
String method;
int connectTimeout;
int readTimeout;
Vector<String> contentCollection;
public String getContent() {
return content;
}
public String getContentType() {
return contentType;
}
public int getCode() {
return code;
}
public String getMessage() {
return message;
}
public Vector<String> getContentCollection() {
return contentCollection;
}
public String getContentEncoding() {
return contentEncoding;
}
public String getMethod() {
return method;
}
public int getConnectTimeout() {
return connectTimeout;
}
public int getReadTimeout() {
return readTimeout;
}
public String getUrlString() {
return urlString;
}
public int getDefaultPort() {
return defaultPort;
}
public String getFile() {
return file;
}
public String getHost() {
return host;
}
public String getPath() {
return path;
}
public int getPort() {
return port;
}
public String getProtocol() {
return protocol;
}
public String getQuery() {
return query;
}
public String getRef() {
return ref;
}
public String getUserInfo() {
return userInfo;
}
}
测试通过后，使用@Scheduled来写一个线程，把爬取到的关键词定时加入redis队列
WeiboHotThread.class
/*
* 爬取 微博实时榜
* */
@Component
@EnableScheduling
public class WeiboHotThread {
protected Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(getClass());
@Autowired
RedisTempService redisService;
@Autowired
private HotListSearch hotListSearch;
@Scheduled(initialDelay = 80_000,fixedRate= 120_000)
public void run(){
System.out.println("开始执行微博");
if(redisService.count("KeywordsQueue")<=600) {
List<Keywords> list=hotListSearch.queryWeibo("https://s.weibo.com/top/summary?cate=realtimehot");
Keywords[] array=new Keywords[list.size()];
for(int i=0;i<list.size();i++){
Keywords keywords=list.get(i);
array[i]=keywords;
}
redisService.lpush("KeywordsQueue",array);//装入redis队列
logger.info("Successful download keywords,add to redis: "+array.length);
}
}
}
RedisTempService.class(redis具体使用操作方法，这里就不做讲解了，直接附上一个方法)
//队列中插入元素
public void lpush(String key, Serializable... keywords){
redisTemplate.opsForList().leftPushAll(key,keywords);
}
第三步，爬取微博关键词信息
爬取思路大概就是，写定时线程获取代理服务器和关键词，将关键词生成网页链接，使用代理请求该链接，获取返回值，将返回值处理成java对象后写成xml，再写一个线程定时将许多xml文件打成jar包，之后jar包任君处置。
下面贴出部分代理用于参考。
AbstractDownload.class
public abstract class AbstractDownload<T> {
protected Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(getClass());
protected void exec(boolean multi, int multinum, int multiple, ThreadPoolExecutor executor) {
if (multi)
multi(multinum, multiple, executor);
else
single();
}
private void multi(int multinum, int multiple, ThreadPoolExecutor executor) {
if (multinum == 1) {
single();
return;
}
List<HttpProxy> proxys = getValidProxy(multinum);
List<T> entities = getValidEntity(proxys.size() * multiple);
int total = entities.size();
int len = total / multiple + (total % multiple == 0 ? 0 : 1);
CompletableFuture<?>[] cfs = IntStream.range(0, len).mapToObj(i -> {
HttpProxy proxy = proxys.get(i);
CopyOnWriteArrayList<T> list =new CopyOnWriteArrayList(entities.subList(i * multiple, i == len - 1 ? total : (i + 1) * multiple).toArray());
return CompletableFuture.runAsync(() -> {
download(proxy, list);
}, executor);
}).toArray(CompletableFuture[]::new);
CompletableFuture.allOf(cfs).join();
}
private void single() {
HttpProxy proxy = getValidProxy(1).get(0);
T entity = getValidEntity(1).get(0);
download(proxy, entity);
}
private void download(HttpProxy proxy, CopyOnWriteArrayList<T> entities) {
for (int i = 0, len = entities.size(); i < len; i++) {
try {
download(proxy, entities.get(i));
entities.remove(i);
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.error(e.getMessage());
} finally {
// 最后一次下载之后将更换代理，不用暂停
if (i < len - 1) {
try {
Thread.sleep(getPauseTime());
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
}
@Autowired
RedisTempService redisService;
public abstract void download(HttpProxy proxy, T entity);
// 校验下载实体
protected abstract void validate(T entity);
// 查询
protected abstract List<Weibo> query(HttpProxy proxy, T entity);
// 下载完成，更新下一次的下载时间
protected abstract void updateEntity(T entity, List<Weibo> weibos);
// 日志保存
protected abstract void saveDownloadLog(T entity, HttpProxy proxy, long consumeTime, List<Weibo> weibos);
/*
* 下载微博写入临时文件
*/
protected void storeWeibos(List<Weibo> weibos) {
if (weibos == null || weibos.isEmpty())
return;
try {
WeiboUtils.writeToTempXml(weibos);
} catch (IOException e) {
logger.error("write temp xml error.", e);
}
}
protected abstract List<HttpProxy> getValidProxy(int size);
protected abstract List<T> getValidEntity(int size);
// 两次下载之间的间隔时间
protected int getPauseTime() {
return 1000 * RandomUtils.nextInt(3, 5);
}
protected static class DefaultThreadFactory implements ThreadFactory {
private final AtomicInteger threadNumber = new AtomicInteger(1);
private final String namePrefix;
DefaultThreadFactory(String namePrefix) {
this.namePrefix = namePrefix;
}
@Override
public Thread newThread(Runnable r) {
Thread t = new Thread(r, namePrefix + threadNumber.getAndIncrement());
if (t.isDaemon())
t.setDaemon(false);
if (t.getPriority() != Thread.NORM_PRIORITY)
t.setPriority(Thread.NORM_PRIORITY);
return t;
}
}
}
DownloadKeywordThread.class
@Component
@EnableAsync
@EnableScheduling
public class DownloadKeywordThread extends AbstractDownload<Keywords> {
@Value("${download.keyword.use}")
private boolean use;
@Value("${download.keyword.multi}")
private boolean multi;
@Value("${download.keyword.multinum}")
private int multinum;
@Value("${download.keyword.multiple}")
private int multiple;
@Autowired
HttpProxyService proxyService;
private ThreadPoolExecutor executor;
public DownloadKeywordThread() {
int nThreads = Runtime.getRuntime().availableProcessors()*3;
executor = new ThreadPoolExecutor(nThreads, nThreads, 0, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS,
new LinkedBlockingQueue<Runnable>(100),
new DefaultThreadFactory("download.keyword-"));
}
@Async
@Scheduled(initialDelay = 10_000, fixedRate = 1_000)
public void run() throws InterruptedException {
System.out.println("开始执行关键词");
if (use) {
try {
exec(multi, multinum, multiple, executor);
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.info(e.getMessage());
}
}
}
@Override
protected void validate(Keywords entity) {
if (StringUtils.isEmpty(entity.getQuerystr())) {
entity.setStatus(Constants.STATUS_SUSPEND);
kwService.saveOrUpdate(entity);
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Keywords not null");
}
}
@Override
protected List<Weibo> query(HttpProxy proxy, Keywords kw) {
List<Weibo> weibos = null;
for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
try {
KeywordsSearch download = new KeywordsSearch(proxy);
weibos = download.query(kw);
proxy.setSuccess(proxy.getSuccess() + 1);
logger.info("Successful download, weibos: {}, keywords: {}, proxy: {}", weibos.size(), kw.getQuerystr(),
proxy != null ? proxy.getHost() : "");
break;
}catch(NullPointerException e1){
// 动态代理被限制
logger.error("proxyIp {} is limit by weibo", proxy.getHost());
proxy.setFailure(proxy.getFailure()+1);
break;
}catch (Exception e) {
// 连接动态代理失败
if ("timeout".equals(e.getMessage())) {
logger.error("can not connect to proxyIp: {} ", proxy.getHost());
proxy.setFailure(proxy.getFailure()+1);
break;
}
// 微博没有相关结果
if ("noresult".equals(e.getMessage())) {
logger.error("Keywords {} not found relevant results", kw.getQuerystr());
break;
}
// 代理需要人工输入验证码
if ("verification".equals(e.getMessage())) {
proxy.setFailure(proxy.getFailure() + 1);
proxy.setStatus(Constants.STATUS_SUSPEND);
logger.error("Proxy {}:{} requires verification code", proxy.getHost(), proxy.getPort());
break;
}
} finally {
queryFinally(proxy);
}
}
return weibos;
}
@Autowired
DownloadLogService logService;
@Override
protected void saveDownloadLog(Keywords entity, HttpProxy proxy, long consumeTime, List<Weibo> weibos) {
logService.storeLog(entity.getQuerystr(), proxy, Constants.TYPE_KEYWORDS, consumeTime, weibos);
}
/*
* 有效代理
*/
@Override
protected List<HttpProxy> getValidProxy(int size) {
List<HttpProxy> list = StaticService.getVailid().stream()
// 最近至少6秒内未使用
.filter(proxy -> proxy.getLastUseTime() + 6_000 < System.currentTimeMillis())
.collect(Collectors.toList());
if (CollectionUtils.isEmpty(list))
throw new IllegalArgumentException("not found valid proxy");
return list;
}
@Autowired
KeywordsService kwService;
@Autowired
RedisTempService redisService;
/*
* 关键词，size = proxy.size * 10
*/
@Override
protected List<Keywords> getValidEntity(int size) {
List<Serializable> list= (List<Serializable>) redisService.rpop("KeywordsQueue",size);
JSONArray jsonArray = JSONArray.fromObject(list);
List arrayList = JSONArray.toList(jsonArray,Keywords.class);
if (CollectionUtils.isEmpty(list))
throw new IllegalArgumentException("not found valid keywords");
return arrayList;
}
@Override
protected void updateEntity(Keywords entity, List<Weibo> weibos) {
kwService.updateAfterDownload(entity, weibos);
}
private void queryFinally(HttpProxy proxy){
if(proxy.getFailure()<=3 && proxy.getLiveTime()>(System.currentTimeMillis()/1000)){
proxy.setStatus(1);
StaticService.update(proxy);
proxyService.saveOrUpdate(proxy);
}else {
proxyService.deleteByHostAndPort(proxy.getHost(),proxy.getPort());
StaticService.del(proxy);
}
}
@Override
public void download(HttpProxy proxy, Keywords entity){
try {
long consumeTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
List<Weibo> weibos = query(proxy, entity);
storeWeibos(weibos);
if(entity!=null){
if(!(entity.getRegion().equalsIgnoreCase("hot"))){
updateEntity(entity, weibos);
}
}
consumeTime = System.currentTimeMillis() - consumeTime;
saveDownloadLog(entity, proxy, consumeTime, weibos);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
Storage.class(将xml文件打为jar包)
@Component
public class Storage {
private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Storage.class);
private BloomFilter<String> filter;
public Storage() {
int expectedInsertions = Integer.MAX_VALUE >> 4;
filter = BloomFilter.create(Funnels.stringFunnel(Charsets.UTF_8), expectedInsertions);
}
@Scheduled(initialDelay = 10_000,fixedRate = 540_000)
public void run() {
logger.info("storage thread running.");
try {
JSONArray jArray = readTempXml();
if (jArray == null || jArray.isEmpty())
return;
writeToZip(jArray);
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.error(e.getMessage());
}
}
private void writeToZip(JSONArray jArray) {
// 保存的文件名
String filename = getFilename(jArray);
try (ZipOutputStream output = new ZipOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(filename))) {
int total = jArray.size(), xmlsize = 100;
for (int i = 0, len = total / xmlsize + (total % xmlsize == 0 ? 0 : 1); i < len; i++) {
int fromIndex = i * xmlsize, toIndex = i == len - 1 ? total : (i + 1) * xmlsize;
JSONArray list = JSONArray.fromObject(jArray.subList(fromIndex, toIndex));
ZipEntry entry = new ZipEntry((i + 1) + ".xml");
output.putNextEntry(entry);
XmlWriter writer = new XmlWriter();
writer.write(list, output);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.error("write to zip: {}", e.getMessage());
}
logger.info("{}\t{}", jArray.size(), filename);
WeiboUtils.total+=jArray.size();
logger.info("下载总数：{}", WeiboUtils.total);
}
private String getFilename(JSONArray jArray) {
File directory = new File(
Constants.STORE_BASE + File.separator + DateFormatUtils.format(new Date(), "yyyyMMdd"));
if (!directory.exists())
directory.mkdirs();
int index;
Collection<File> c = FileUtils.listFiles(directory, new String[] { "zip" }, true);
if (!c.isEmpty()) {
index = c.stream().mapToInt(file -> {
String filename = StringUtils.substringBefore(file.getName(), "_");
return NumberUtils.toInt(filename);
}).max().getAsInt() + 1;
} else {
index = 1;
}
return directory.getPath() + File.separator + index + "_" + jArray.size() + ".zip";
}
AtomicLong incr = new AtomicLong(100_000_000L);
private JSONArray readTempXml() {
File directory = new File(Constants.STORE_TEMP);
if (!directory.isDirectory()) {
logger.error("{} is not a directory", directory.getPath());
return null;
}
Collection<File> c = FileUtils.listFiles(directory, new String[] { "xml" }, true);
if (c.isEmpty()) {
logger.info("XML file not found");
return null;
}
JSONArray jArray = new JSONArray();
for (File file : c) {
try {
XmlReader reader = new XmlReader();
JSONArray subArray = reader.read(file.getAbsolutePath());
logger.info("read temp xml: " + file.getAbsolutePath());
for (int i = 0, len = subArray.size(); i < len; i++) {
JSONObject jObject = subArray.getJSONObject(i);
try {
String ur = jObject.getString("ur");
String md5Hex = DigestUtils.md5DigestAsHex(ur.getBytes());
md5Hex += incr.incrementAndGet();
if (!filter.mightContain(md5Hex)) {
jArray.add(jObject);
filter.put(md5Hex);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
}
}
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.error("read xml: {}", e.getMessage());
} finally {
file.delete();
}
}
return jArray;
}
}
XmlReader.class
public class XmlReader {
public XmlReader() {
}
public JSONArray read(String filename) throws IOException, ParserConfigurationException, SAXException {
try (InputStream input = new FileInputStream(filename)) {
return read(input);
}
}
public JSONArray read(InputStream input) throws ParserConfigurationException, SAXException, IOException {
Document document = buildDocument(input);
// 节点列表
NodeList nodes = document.getElementsByTagName("article");
JSONArray jArray = new JSONArray();
for (int i = 0, len = nodes.getLength(); i < len; i++) {
// 子节点列表
NodeList cNodes = nodes.item(i).getChildNodes();
if (cNodes.getLength() == 0)
continue;
JSONObject jObject = new JSONObject();
for (int j = 0; j < cNodes.getLength(); j++) {
Node cNode = cNodes.item(j);
if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(cNode.getTextContent()))
// 子节点名称和值
jObject.put(cNode.getNodeName().toLowerCase(), cNode.getTextContent());
}
if (jObject.size() > 0)
jArray.add(jObject);
}
return jArray;
}
private Document buildDocument(InputStream in) throws ParserConfigurationException, SAXException, IOException {
DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
DocumentBuilder builder = factory.newDocumentBuilder();
return builder.parse(in);
}
}
XmlWriter.class
public class XmlWriter {
public void write(JSONArray jArray, OutputStream output)
throws IOException {
String xmlContent;
try {
xmlContent = toXmlstr(jArray);
} catch (TransformerException | ParserConfigurationException e) {
throw new IOException(e);
}
IOUtils.write(xmlContent, output, "UTF-8");
}
private String toXmlstr(JSONArray jArray) throws IOException, TransformerException, ParserConfigurationException {
TransformerFactory factory = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
factory.setAttribute("indent-number", 4); // 设置缩进长度
Transformer transformer = factory.newTransformer();
transformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.INDENT, "yes"); // 设置自动换行
StringWriter writer = new StringWriter();
Source source = new DOMSource(buildDocument(jArray));
transformer.transform(source, new StreamResult(writer));
return writer.toString();
}
private Document buildDocument(JSONArray jArray) throws ParserConfigurationException {
DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
DocumentBuilder builder = factory.newDocumentBuilder();
Document document = builder.newDocument();
// parent
Element root = document.createElement("articles");
document.appendChild(root);
for (int i = 0, len = jArray.size(); i < len; i++) {
JSONObject jObject = jArray.getJSONObject(i);
// children
Element item = document.createElement("article");
root.appendChild(item);
for (Object key : jObject.keySet()) {
String field = (String) key, value = jObject.getString(field);
if (value == null || value.isEmpty())
continue;
// attribute
Element attr = document.createElement(field);
attr.setTextContent(value);
item.appendChild(attr);
}
}
return document;
}
}
爬取程序的结构用自己的就行，主要说一下每日单程序爬取百万数的问题：
1.微博的反爬。
我用的方法有：1）使用动态代理服务器 买了一个ip池每天2500个ip，我用的快代理。
2）使用user-agent池，这个之前的博客有写过。
3）抓取的速度在1秒1次还是可以的。
2.关键词质量。
用的方法：抓取微博、百度、搜狗、360热搜榜。
3.程序稳定性、持久性。
使用多线程+spring框架+定时重启程序的方法。
本人也刚学习爬虫有许多不足，请多指教。
爬虫虽好，可不要贪杯啊。
原创文章，转发请私聊。
来源：https://www.cnblogs.com/Post-90sDachenchen/p/11214101.html