Stacked barplot with colour gradients for each bar

问题

I want to color a stacked barplot so that each bar has its own parent colour, with colours within each bar to be a gradient of this parent colour.

Example:

Here is a minimal example. I would like for the color of each bar to be different for color, with a gradient within each bar set by `clarity.

library(ggplot2)

ggplot(diamonds, aes(color)) + 
  geom_bar(aes(fill = clarity), colour = "grey")

In my real problem, I have many more groups of each: requiring 18 different bars with 39 different gradient colours.

回答1:

I have made a function ColourPalleteMulti, which lets you create a multiple colour pallete based on subgroups within your data:

ColourPalleteMulti <- function(df, group, subgroup){

  # Find how many colour categories to create and the number of colours in each
  categories <- aggregate(as.formula(paste(subgroup, group, sep="~" )), df, function(x) length(unique(x)))
  category.start <- (scales::hue_pal(l = 100)(nrow(categories))) # Set the top of the colour pallete
  category.end  <- (scales::hue_pal(l = 40)(nrow(categories))) # set the bottom

  # Build Colour pallette
  colours <- unlist(lapply(1:nrow(categories),
                          function(i){
                            colorRampPalette(colors = c(category.start[i], category.end[i]))(categories[i,2])}))
  return(colours)
}

Essentially, the function identifies how many different groups you have, then counts the number of colours within each of these groups. It then joins together all the different colour palettes.

To use the palette, it is easiest to add a new column group, which pastes together the two values used to make the colour palette:

library(ggplot2)

# Create data
df <- diamonds
df$group <- paste0(df$color, "-", df$clarity, sep = "")

# Build the colour pallete
colours <-ColourPalleteMulti(df, "color", "clarity")

# Plot resultss
ggplot(df, aes(color)) + 
  geom_bar(aes(fill = group), colour = "grey") +
  scale_fill_manual("Subject", values=colours, guide = "none")

Edit:

If you want the bars to be a different colour within each, you can just change the way the variable used to plot the barplot:

# Plot resultss
ggplot(df, aes(cut)) + 
  geom_bar(aes(fill = group), colour = "grey") +
  scale_fill_manual("Subject", values=colours, guide = "none")

A Note of Caution: In all honesty, the dataset you have want to plot probably has too many sub-categories within it for this to work.

Also, although this is visually very pleasing, I would suggest avoiding the use of a colour scale like this. It is more about making the plot look pretty, and the different colours are redundant as we already know which group the data is in from the X-axis.

回答2:

An easier approach to achieve a colour gradient is to use alpha to change the transparency of the colour. However, this can have unintended consequences as transparency means you can see the guidelines through the plot.

library(ggplot2)

ggplot(diamonds, aes(color, alpha = clarity)) + 
  geom_bar(aes(fill = color), colour = "grey") +
  scale_alpha_discrete(range = c(0,1))

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/49818271/stacked-barplot-with-colour-gradients-for-each-bar

标签

ggplot2

colors

color-scheme